Hao Dandan, Nourbakhsh Mahtab
Department of Geriatric Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Biology (Basel). 2021 Jun 12;10(6):526. doi: 10.3390/biology10060526.
Experimental burn models are essential tools for simulating human burn injuries and exploring the consequences of burns or new treatment strategies. Unlike clinical studies, experimental models allow a direct comparison of different aspects of burns under controlled conditions and thereby provide relevant information on the molecular mechanisms of tissue damage and wound healing, as well as potential therapeutic targets. While most comparative burn studies are performed in animal models, a few human or humanized models have been successfully employed to study local events at the injury site. However, the consensus between animal and human studies regarding the cellular and molecular nature of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), scarring, and neovascularization is limited. The many interspecies differences prohibit the outcomes of animal model studies from being fully translated into the human system. Thus, the development of more targeted, individualized treatments for burn injuries remains a major challenge in this field. This review focuses on the latest progress in experimental burn models achieved since 2016, and summarizes the outcomes regarding potential methodological improvements, assessments of molecular responses to injury, and therapeutic advances.
实验性烧伤模型是模拟人类烧伤损伤以及探究烧伤后果或新治疗策略的重要工具。与临床研究不同，实验模型能够在可控条件下直接比较烧伤的不同方面，从而提供有关组织损伤和伤口愈合的分子机制以及潜在治疗靶点的相关信息。虽然大多数比较性烧伤研究是在动物模型中进行的，但也有一些人类或人源化模型已成功用于研究损伤部位的局部事件。然而，动物研究和人类研究在全身炎症反应综合征（SIRS）、瘢痕形成和新血管形成的细胞和分子本质方面的共识有限。众多种间差异使得动物模型研究的结果无法完全转化到人类系统中。因此，开发更具针对性、个性化的烧伤治疗方法仍然是该领域的一项重大挑战。本综述聚焦于自2016年以来实验性烧伤模型取得的最新进展，并总结了在潜在方法改进、对损伤的分子反应评估以及治疗进展方面的成果。
