Hao Dandan, Qu Miao, Nourbakhsh Mahtab
Department of Geriatric Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Biology (Basel). 2021 Jan 8;10(1):40. doi: 10.3390/biology10010040.
Comparative studies of human tissue damage caused by burns are challenging because precise information regarding the temperature, time, and duration of the exposure is often missing. Animal models cannot be fully translated to the human system due to interspecies differences in cutaneous tissues. We used a human composite tissue model to compare tissue damage caused by thermal burns with different dynamics. Equal subcutaneous/cutaneous composite tissue samples from six donors were first exposed to either preheated steel (100 °C) or a precision flame burner (300 °C) and were then maintained in vitro for seven days. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that flame burns instantly caused deep and stable damage to the subcutaneous tissue, which stayed constant for seven days. By contrast, contact burns inflicted tissue damage that was initially superficial but then expanded deeper into the adipose tissue. This spatiotemporal expansion of tissue damage was essentially accompanied by macrophage and fibroblast activation, which points towards inflammation resolution and wound healing. Our study suggests that thermal differences in burns directly influence the course of tissue damage, the cellular response and, consequently, the likely dynamics of repair processes days after burn injuries.
对烧伤造成的人体组织损伤进行比较研究具有挑战性，因为通常缺少有关温度、时间和暴露持续时间的精确信息。由于皮肤组织存在种间差异，动物模型无法完全转化为人体系统。我们使用人体复合组织模型来比较不同动态热烧伤造成的组织损伤。首先将来自六名供体的等量皮下/皮肤复合组织样本暴露于预热的钢（100°C）或精密火焰燃烧器（300°C），然后在体外保存七天。组织学和免疫组织化学分析表明，火焰烧伤立即对皮下组织造成深度且稳定的损伤，这种损伤在七天内保持不变。相比之下，接触烧伤造成的组织损伤最初是浅表的，但随后会深入扩展到脂肪组织。这种组织损伤的时空扩展基本上伴随着巨噬细胞和成纤维细胞的激活，这表明炎症消退和伤口愈合。我们的研究表明，烧伤中的热差异直接影响组织损伤的过程、细胞反应，进而影响烧伤后数天修复过程的可能动态。
