Akkın Safiye, Varan Gamze, Bilensoy Erem
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Vaccine Technology, Hacettepe University Vaccine Institute, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
Molecules. 2021 Jun 3;26(11):3382. doi: 10.3390/molecules26113382.
Clinically, different approaches are adopted worldwide for the treatment of cancer, which still ranks second among all causes of death. Immunotherapy for cancer treatment has been the focus of attention in recent years, aiming for an eventual antitumoral effect through the immune system response to cancer cells both prophylactically and therapeutically. The application of nanoparticulate delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy, which is defined as the use of immune system features in cancer treatment, is currently the focus of research. Nanomedicines and nanoparticulate macromolecule delivery for cancer therapy is believed to facilitate selective cytotoxicity based on passive or active targeting to tumors resulting in improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects. Today, with more than 55 different nanomedicines in the market, it is possible to provide more effective cancer diagnosis and treatment by using nanotechnology. Cancer immunotherapy uses the body's immune system to respond to cancer cells; however, this may lead to increased immune response and immunogenicity. Selectivity and targeting to cancer cells and tumors may lead the way to safer immunotherapy and nanotechnology-based delivery approaches that can help achieve the desired success in cancer treatment.
在临床上，全球采用不同的方法治疗癌症，癌症仍是所有死因中的第二大死因。近年来，癌症免疫疗法一直是关注的焦点，旨在通过免疫系统对癌细胞的预防性和治疗性反应最终实现抗肿瘤效果。用于癌症免疫疗法的纳米颗粒递送系统的应用，即利用免疫系统特性进行癌症治疗，目前是研究的重点。用于癌症治疗的纳米药物和纳米颗粒大分子递送被认为基于对肿瘤的被动或主动靶向促进选择性细胞毒性，从而提高治疗效果并减少副作用。如今，市场上有超过55种不同的纳米药物，利用纳米技术有可能提供更有效的癌症诊断和治疗。癌症免疫疗法利用人体免疫系统对癌细胞作出反应；然而，这可能会导致免疫反应和免疫原性增加。对癌细胞和肿瘤的选择性和靶向性可能会引领更安全的免疫疗法以及基于纳米技术的递送方法，有助于在癌症治疗中取得理想的成功。
