Katerova Zornitsa, Sergiev Iskren, Todorova Dessislava, Shopova Elena, Dimitrova Ljudmila, Brankova Liliana
Department Regulators of Plant Growth and Development, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Jun 11;10(6):1195. doi: 10.3390/plants10061195.
Waterlogging impairs crop development and considerably affects plant productivity worldwide. Wheat is sensitive to waterlogging. Serrate (Syngenta) is a selective herbicide controlling annual grass and broadleaf weeds for use in wheat. To extend the existing information about the physiological effects of selective herbicides (Serrate in particular) and subsequent waterlogging in wheat, we monitored phenotype alterations and examined key enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems together with typical oxidative stress biomarkers. Seventeen-day-old wheat ( L., cv. Sadovo-1) plants were sprayed with Serrate; 72 h later, waterlogging was applied for 7 days, and then seedlings were left to recover for 96 h. The herbicide did not alter plant phenotype and increased antioxidant defense, along with HO content, confirming the wheat's tolerance to Serrate. Evident yellowing and wilting of the leaves were observed at 96 h of recovery in waterlogged wheat, which were stronger in plants subjected to Serrate + waterlogging. Waterlogging alone and herbicide + waterlogging gradually enhanced the content of stress markers (malondialdehyde, proline, and HO), non-enzymatic antioxidants (low-molecular thiols and total phenolics), and the activity of superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. The effects of herbicide + waterlogging were stronger than those of waterlogging alone even during recovery, suggesting that Serrate interacted synergistically with the subsequently applied flooding.
涝害会损害作物生长发育，并在全球范围内对植物生产力产生重大影响。小麦对涝害敏感。“锯齿”（先正达公司生产）是一种用于小麦田的选择性除草剂，可防治一年生禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草。为了拓展关于选择性除草剂（特别是“锯齿”）以及后续涝害对小麦生理影响的现有信息，我们监测了表型变化，并检测了关键的酶促和非酶促抗氧化防御系统以及典型的氧化应激生物标志物。对17日龄的小麦（品种为萨多沃 - 1）植株喷施“锯齿”；72小时后进行7天的涝害处理，然后让幼苗恢复96小时。该除草剂未改变植株表型，且提高了抗氧化防御能力以及过氧化氢含量，证实了小麦对“锯齿”具有耐受性。在涝害处理的小麦恢复96小时后，观察到叶片明显发黄和萎蔫，在喷施“锯齿” + 涝害处理的植株中更为严重。单独涝害以及除草剂 + 涝害处理均使胁迫标志物（丙二醛、脯氨酸和过氧化氢）、非酶促抗氧化剂（低分子硫醇和总酚类）的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶、愈创木酚过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶的活性逐渐增加。即使在恢复阶段，除草剂 + 涝害处理的影响也比单独涝害处理更强，这表明“锯齿”与随后施加的淹水具有协同作用。
