Attallah Olivia A, Mojicevic Marija, Garcia Eduardo Lanzagorta, Azeem Muhammad, Chen Yuanyuan, Asmawi Shumayl, Brenan Fournet Margaret
Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland.
Fundamental and Applied Science Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Jun 30;13(13):2155. doi: 10.3390/polym13132155.
On a score sheet for plastics, bioplastics have a medium score for combined mechanical performance and a high score for biodegradability with respect to counterpart petroleum-based plastics. Analysis quickly confirms that endeavours to increase the mechanical performance score for bioplastics would be far more achievable than delivering adequate biodegradability for the recalcitrant plastics, while preserving their impressive mechanical performances. Key architectural features of both bioplastics and petroleum-based plastics, namely, molecular weight () and crystallinity, which underpin mechanical performance, typically have an inversely dependent relationship with biodegradability. In the case of bioplastics, both macro and micro strategies with dual positive correlation on mechanical and biodegradability performance, are available to address this dilemma. Regarding the macro approach, processing using selected fillers, plasticisers and compatibilisers have been shown to enhance both targeted mechanical properties and biodegradability within bioplastics. Whereas, regarding the micro approach, a whole host of bio and chemical synthetic routes are uniquely available, to produce improved bioplastics. In this review, the main characteristics of bioplastics in terms of mechanical and barrier performances, as well as biodegradability, have been assessed-identifying both macro and micro routes promoting favourable bioplastics' production, processability and performance.
在一份塑料评分表中，相对于同类石油基塑料，生物塑料在综合机械性能方面得分中等，在生物降解性方面得分较高。分析很快证实，提高生物塑料机械性能得分的努力比为顽固塑料提供足够的生物降解性同时保持其令人印象深刻的机械性能要容易得多。生物塑料和石油基塑料的关键结构特征，即分子量（）和结晶度，它们支撑着机械性能，通常与生物降解性呈反比关系。对于生物塑料而言，可以采用在机械性能和生物降解性方面具有双重正相关性的宏观和微观策略来解决这一困境。关于宏观方法，已表明使用选定的填料、增塑剂和相容剂进行加工可增强生物塑料的目标机械性能和生物降解性。而关于微观方法，有一系列独特的生物和化学合成路线可用于生产改良的生物塑料。在本综述中，评估了生物塑料在机械性能和阻隔性能以及生物降解性方面的主要特征，确定了促进生物塑料良好生产、加工性能和性能的宏观和微观途径。
