Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA.
Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 30;18(13):7007. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18137007.
We aimed to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity among a sample of individuals incarcerated in an Arizona county jail and compare prevalence estimates to a matched non-institutionalized population. From 2017-2018, individuals housed at a county jail completed a cross-sectional health survey. We estimated the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, overweight/obesity, cigarette smoking, binge drinking, and self-reported health among individuals incarcerated. We compared prevalence estimates of cardiovascular risk factors to a matched sample of 2017-2018 NHANES participants. Overall, 35.9%, 7.7%, and 17.8% of individuals incarcerated in jail self-reported hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol, respectively. Of individuals incarcerated, 59.6% were overweight or obese and 36.8% self-reported fair or poor general health. Over half of individuals incarcerated reported ever smoking cigarettes (72.3%) and binge drinking (60.7%). Compared to a matched sample of NHANES participants, individuals incarcerated in jail had a statistically higher prevalence of cigarette smoking and binge drinking. Screening of cardiovascular risk factors and providing preventive measures and interventions, such as healthy eating, physical activity, or pharmacological adherence interventions, while individuals are incarcerated may contribute to the prevention and management of cardiovascular risk factors and, eventually, cardiovascular disease.
我们旨在评估心血管风险因素的流行率，包括亚利桑那州监狱中被监禁个体的高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇、吸烟、饮酒和肥胖等，并将流行率估计值与匹配的非监禁人群进行比较。在 2017-2018 年期间，被监禁于县监狱的个体完成了一项横断面健康调查。我们估计了个体被监禁者中高血压、糖尿病、胆固醇、超重/肥胖、吸烟、狂饮和自我报告健康的流行率。我们将心血管风险因素的流行率估计值与 2017-2018 年 NHANES 参与者的匹配样本进行了比较。总体而言，35.9%、7.7%和 17.8%的被监禁个体分别报告患有高血压、糖尿病和高胆固醇。被监禁的个体中，59.6%超重或肥胖，36.8%自我报告一般健康状况不佳或较差。超过一半的被监禁个体报告曾吸烟（72.3%）和狂饮（60.7%）。与 NHANES 参与者的匹配样本相比，被监禁的个体中吸烟和狂饮的流行率更高。在个体被监禁期间，对心血管风险因素进行筛查，并提供预防措施和干预措施，如健康饮食、体育活动或药物依从性干预，可能有助于预防和管理心血管风险因素，并最终预防心血管疾病。
