Department of Cardiology, Long Island Jewish Hospital, Northwell Health, 270-05 76th Avenue Room 2008, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA.
Department of Cardiology, Long Island Jewish Hospital, Northwell Health, 270-05 76th Avenue Room 2008, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA.
Clin Geriatr Med. 2021 Aug;37(3):445-456. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2021.04.006. Epub 2021 Jun 5.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) presents as repetitive interruptions of ventilation >10 seconds during sleep as a result of upper airway obstruction resulting in increased respiratory effort. Intermittent hypoxia causes physiologic changes resulting in increased catecholamine production, increased total peripheral resistance, tachycardia, and increased venous return, leading to increased cardiac output, hypertension, tachyarrhythmias, left ventricular hypertrophy, and heart failure. OSA causes an abnormal dip on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Definitive diagnosis is made by polysomnography. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) remains the first-line treatment. Effective treatment using CPAP reduces blood pressure and is indispensable for proper management of atrial fibrillation.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）表现为睡眠中上呼吸道阻塞导致通气>10 秒的反复中断，从而导致呼吸努力增加。间歇性低氧导致生理变化，导致儿茶酚胺产生增加、总外周阻力增加、心动过速和静脉回流增加，导致心输出量增加、高血压、心动过速、左心室肥厚和心力衰竭。OSA 导致 24 小时动态血压监测的异常下降。多导睡眠图可确诊。持续气道正压通气（CPAP）仍是一线治疗方法。使用 CPAP 进行有效治疗可降低血压，对心房颤动的合理管理是不可或缺的。
