Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan.
Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan.
Ecohealth. 2021 Jun;18(2):241-249. doi: 10.1007/s10393-021-01527-x. Epub 2021 Jul 2.
A total of 55 samples of intestinal contents from 28 raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and 27 badgers (Males anakuma) in Miyazaki prefecture, Japan, were examined for the presence of Campylobacter species. C. jejuni and C. upsaliensis were isolated from 3.6% (n = 1) and 75% (n = 21) of raccoon dogs, respectively. In contrast, no Campylobacter spp. was isolated from the badgers examined. The C. upsaliensis isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing against 8 antimicrobial agents. This revealed that most of the isolates from raccoon dogs were susceptible to the antimicrobial agents examined, whereas strains isolated from healthy dogs in Miyazaki prefecture, showed high rates of resistance. Virulence genes (flaA, cadF, ciaB, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC) were present in the C. jejuni isolate from a raccoon dog, with the exception of flaB. By contrast, all these virulence genes examined were present in all C. upsaliensis strains isolated from raccoon dogs and dogs. The genetic diversity of those isolates based on the nucleotide sequences of 7 housekeeping genes (adk, aspA, atpA, glnA, glyA, pgi, tkt) was compared with that of C. upsaliensis strains isolated from dogs and strains selected randomly from humans and dogs deposited in the Campylobacter MLST database. The major cluster of raccoon dog strains was separated from both human and dog strains by phylogenetic tree analysis. These results suggest that raccoon dogs are a reservoir of C. upsaliensis and that isolates may represent a population different from that in humans and dogs. To our knowledge, this is the first study to have demonstrated a high prevalence of C. upsaliensis in raccoon dogs.
本研究对日本宫崎县的 28 只浣熊犬（Nyctereutes procyonoides）和 27 只獾（Males anakuma）的 55 份肠内容物样本进行了检测，以确定其是否存在弯曲菌属物种。从 3.6%（n=1）的浣熊犬和 75%（n=21）的浣熊犬中分别分离到了空肠弯曲菌和乌普萨拉弯曲菌。相比之下，在被检獾中没有分离到弯曲菌属物种。对分离到的乌普萨拉弯曲菌进行了 8 种抗菌药物的药敏试验。结果表明，大多数来自浣熊犬的分离株对抗菌药物敏感，而在宫崎县分离自健康犬的菌株则表现出较高的耐药率。在来自浣熊犬的空肠弯曲菌分离株中存在 flaA、cadF、ciaB、cdtA、cdtB 和 cdtC 等毒力基因，除外 flaB 基因。相比之下，所有来自浣熊犬和犬的乌普萨拉弯曲菌分离株均存在所有这些毒力基因。对这些分离株基于 7 个看家基因（adk、aspA、atpA、glnA、glyA、pgi 和 tkt）的核苷酸序列的遗传多样性与从犬和随机选择的人类和犬中分离的乌普萨拉弯曲菌株进行了比较。基于系统发育树分析，浣熊犬分离株的主要聚类与人类和犬株分离株分开。这些结果表明，浣熊犬是乌普萨拉弯曲菌的宿主，分离株可能代表一个与人类和犬不同的种群。据我们所知，这是首次报道在浣熊犬中发现高流行率的乌普萨拉弯曲菌。
