尼日利亚奥孙州基层医疗工作者对非传染性疾病的预防和控制知识：城乡比较。
Knowledge of primary healthcare workers regarding the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases in Osun State, Nigeria: A rural-urban comparison.
机构信息
Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile Ife, Nigeria; and, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti.
出版信息
Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2021 Jun 29;13(1):e1-e8. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v13i1.2873.
BACKGROUND
There is a rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the sub-Saharan Africa, and calls for integration of management of selected NCDs with primary healthcare (PHC) have been unrelenting. Cost-effective interventions for the prevention and control of NCDs can be delivered at PHC facilities in low-resource settings by clinical healthcare workers (HCWs).
AIM
This study compared the knowledge of HCWs in PHC facilities regarding the prevention and control of NCDs in rural and urban local government areas (LGAs) of Osun State.
SETTING
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 400 eligible HCWs recruited using a multistage sampling technique in PHC facilities of six rural and six urban LGAs.
METHODS
A pretested self-administered case-scenarios questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of HCWs regarding the prevention and control of three selected NCDs (diabetes, hypertension and chronic respiratory diseases). Both descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted.
RESULTS
The mean knowledge scores of HCWs regarding the prevention and control of the three NCDs were 17.76 ± 4.41 in rural and 17.62 ± 4.02 in urban LGAs out of 30 maximum scores. The proportion of HCWs with adequate knowledge in the rural LGAs (31.0%) was slightly higher than the urban LGAs (23.0%); however, it was not statistically significant (χ2 = 3.247; p = 0.072). The major determinants of adequate knowledge include cadre of HCWs, location, years in practice with professional certificate, NCD training course attendance and reported experience managing diabetic patients.
CONCLUSION
The HCWs in PHC facilities in rural and urban LGAs of Osun State, Nigeria, had a poor knowledge regarding the prevention and control of NCDs. Training and re-training of less-skilled HCWs in the PHC facilities using relevant WHO NCD protocols and guidelines are imperatives to improve their knowledge about the prevention and control of NCDs.
背景
撒哈拉以南非洲地区的非传染性疾病（NCDs）负担不断增加，人们强烈呼吁将某些 NCD 的管理与初级医疗保健（PHC）相结合。在资源匮乏的环境中，临床医护人员（HCWs）可以在 PHC 设施中提供具有成本效益的 NCD 预防和控制干预措施。
目的
本研究比较了奥孙州农村和城市地方政府区域（LGA）的 PHC 设施中 HCWs 对 NCD 预防和控制的知识。
设置
采用多阶段抽样技术，在 6 个农村和 6 个城市 LGA 的 PHC 设施中招募了 400 名符合条件的 HCWs，进行了一项比较性横断面研究。
方法
使用经过预测试的案例情景问卷评估 HCWs 对三种选定的 NCD（糖尿病、高血压和慢性呼吸道疾病）的预防和控制知识。进行了描述性和推断性统计分析。
结果
在 30 分满分中，农村 LGA 的 HCWs 在 NCD 预防和控制方面的平均知识得分（17.76 ± 4.41）略高于城市 LGA（17.62 ± 4.02）。农村 LGA 有足够知识的 HCWs 比例（31.0%）略高于城市 LGA（23.0%）；然而，这并不具有统计学意义（χ2 = 3.247；p = 0.072）。充分知识的主要决定因素包括 HCWs 的职务、地点、有专业证书的从业年限、参加 NCD 培训课程的情况和管理糖尿病患者的经验。
结论
尼日利亚奥孙州农村和城市 LGA 的 PHC 设施中的 HCWs 对 NCD 的预防和控制知识较差。使用相关的世界卫生组织 NCD 协议和指南，对 PHC 设施中技能较低的 HCWs 进行培训和再培训，是提高他们对 NCD 预防和控制知识的必要条件。
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