Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Italy.
IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
FEBS J. 2022 Oct;289(19):5834-5849. doi: 10.1111/febs.16106. Epub 2021 Jul 16.
Alcohol consumption affects motor behavior and motor control. Both acute and chronic alcohol abuse have been extensively investigated; however, the therapeutic efficacy of alcohol on some movement disorders, such as myoclonus-dystonia or essential tremor, still does not have a plausible mechanistic explanation. Yet, there are surprisingly few systematic trials with known GABAergic drugs mimicking the effect of alcohol on neurotransmission. In this brief survey, we aim to summarize the effects of EtOH on striatal function, providing an overview of its cellular and synaptic actions in a 'circuit-centered' view. In addition, we will review both experimental and clinical evidence, in the attempt to provide a plausible mechanistic explanation for alcohol-responsive movement disorders, with particular emphasis on dystonia. Different hypotheses emerge, which may provide a rationale for the utilization of drugs that mimic alcohol effects, predicting potential drug repositioning.
饮酒会影响运动行为和运动控制。急性和慢性酒精滥用已被广泛研究；然而，酒精对一些运动障碍的治疗效果，如肌阵挛-肌张力障碍或原发性震颤，仍然没有合理的机制解释。然而，模仿酒精对神经传递影响的 GABA 能药物的系统试验却少之又少。在这个简短的调查中，我们旨在总结 EtOH 对纹状体功能的影响，从“以回路为中心”的角度概述其对细胞和突触的作用。此外，我们还将回顾实验和临床证据，试图为酒精反应性运动障碍提供一个合理的机制解释，特别强调肌张力障碍。出现了不同的假设，这可能为模仿酒精作用的药物的使用提供了依据，预测了潜在的药物重新定位。
