牙科保健师是否有噪声性听力损失的风险？文献综述。
Are dental hygienists at risk for noise-induced hearing loss? A literature review.
机构信息
Alumna, Dental Hygiene Degree Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Assistant professor, School of Dental Hygiene, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
出版信息
Can J Dent Hyg. 2021 Jun 1;55(2):110-119.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this review is to explore dental hygienists' risk for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and to describe the current hearing protection options.
METHODS
A literature search was undertaken using the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Libraries, and Google Scholar. The returns were screened using inclusion and exclusion criteria and the remaining studies were critically appraised.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Seventeen articles assessed noise levels and NIHL risk in dental settings; and 11 articles examined hearing protection devices. The literature revealed that oral health practitioners were exposed to excessive noise limits (85 dBA) in an 8-hour workday, therefore increasing the risk of NIHL. Oral health professionals need to be aware of this risk and the preventive measures they can take to reduce the potential for hearing loss. Effective preventive measures may include hearing protective devices (HPDs), educational programs, insulated noise-absorbing materials, and regular monitoring of noise exposure.
CONCLUSION
Dental hygienists may be at risk for permanent or temporary hearing loss in their work environment. Permanent hearing loss from the use of ultrasonic scalers appears to be minimal. To prevent hearing loss, active (electronic) HPDs are recommended as they allow practitioners to protect their hearing and communicate with clients.
目的
本综述旨在探讨牙科洁治师发生噪声性听力损失（NIHL）的风险，并描述当前的听力保护选择。
方法
使用以下数据库进行文献检索：PubMed、CINAHL、Cochrane 图书馆和 Google Scholar。使用纳入和排除标准筛选检索结果，然后对剩余的研究进行批判性评价。
结果与讨论
有 17 篇文章评估了牙科环境中的噪声水平和 NIHL 风险；有 11 篇文章研究了听力保护装置。文献表明，口腔卫生工作者在 8 小时工作日内暴露于超过噪声限制（85 dBA）的环境中，因此增加了 NIHL 的风险。口腔卫生专业人员需要意识到这种风险以及他们可以采取的预防措施来降低听力损失的可能性。有效的预防措施可能包括听力保护装置（HPD）、教育计划、隔音吸声材料以及定期监测噪声暴露。
结论
牙科洁治师在工作环境中可能面临永久性或暂时性听力损失的风险。使用超声洁牙机导致的永久性听力损失似乎很少见。为了预防听力损失，建议使用主动（电子）HPD，因为它们允许从业者保护听力并与客户进行交流。
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