Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, Wenjiang, China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration in Southwest China, No.211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, Wenjiang, China.
Biochem Genet. 2022 Feb;60(1):351-369. doi: 10.1007/s10528-021-10103-5. Epub 2021 Jul 5.
The callose synthase enzyme genes (Cals) generally plays an important role in resisting to environmental stresses as well as in regulating the microspore development of higher plant. However till now, few researches about ZmCals genes have been reported in maize. In this study, ten ZmCals genes were identified, and they are distributed on four chromosomes in maize. All ZmCals proteins contain Glucan-synthase-domain and Fks1-domain. RNA-seq data from public databases were analyzed and the result suggested that ZmCals involved in the development of various tissues, and a strong expression presented especially in young tissue. qRT-PCR analysis shown that most of ZmCals are highly expressed in root, stem and leaf at jointing stage (V6 stage) with maize inbred line B73. Seven out of 10 ZmCals genes display higher expression during maize anther development especially from stage 6 to stage 8b, the dynamic accumulation process of callose is also observed during these period with aniline blue staining. Above results indicated multiple ZmCals may participate in the deposition of callose in maize anther. Therefore, ZmCals are necessary not only for reproductive organ but also for nutritive organ during maize growth and development. This study lays certain foundation for further investigating the roles of the callose synthase enzymes genes in maize.
几丁质合成酶基因（Cals）通常在抵抗环境胁迫以及调节高等植物小孢子发育方面发挥重要作用。然而，到目前为止，关于玉米中的ZmCals 基因的研究还很少。本研究鉴定了 10 个 ZmCals 基因，它们分布在玉米的 4 条染色体上。所有 ZmCals 蛋白都含有葡聚糖合成酶结构域和 Fks1 结构域。对公共数据库中的 RNA-seq 数据进行了分析，结果表明 ZmCals 参与了各种组织的发育，并且在年轻组织中表达强烈。qRT-PCR 分析表明，在玉米自交系 B73 的分孽期（V6 期），大多数 ZmCals 在根、茎和叶中高度表达。10 个 ZmCals 基因中的 7 个在玉米花药发育过程中表达较高，尤其是在 6 期到 8b 期，在这段时间内用苯胺蓝染色观察到了几丁质的动态积累过程。以上结果表明，多个 ZmCals 可能参与了玉米花药中几丁质的沉积。因此，ZmCals 在玉米生长和发育过程中不仅对生殖器官，而且对营养器官都是必需的。本研究为进一步研究几丁质合成酶基因在玉米中的作用奠定了一定的基础。
