de Graaf Beatrice, Jensen Lotte, Knoeff Rina, Santing Catrien
Faculty of Arts Utrecht University The Netherlands.
Faculty of Arts Radboud University Nijmegen The Netherlands.
Risk Hazards Crisis Public Policy. 2021 Sep;12(3):346-367. doi: 10.1002/rhc3.12225. Epub 2021 May 18.
In this paper, we address the question on how societies coped with pandemic crises, how they tried to control or adapt to the disease, or even managed to overcome the death trap in history. On the basis of historical research, we describe how societies in the western world accommodated to or exited hardship and restrictive measures over the course of the last four centuries. In particular, we are interested in how historically embedded citizens' resources were directed towards living with and to a certain extent accepting the virus. Such an approach of "applied history" to the management of crises and public hazards, we believe, helps address today's pressing question of what adaptive strategies can be adopted to return to a normalized life, including living with socially acceptable medical, hygienic and other pandemic-related measures.
在本文中，我们探讨了社会如何应对大流行危机，如何试图控制或适应疾病，甚至如何在历史上设法摆脱死亡陷阱的问题。基于历史研究，我们描述了西方世界的社会在过去四个世纪中是如何适应或摆脱困境及限制措施的。特别是，我们感兴趣的是，历史上形成的公民资源是如何被引导用于与病毒共存并在一定程度上接受病毒的。我们认为，这种将“应用历史”应用于危机和公共危害管理的方法，有助于解决当今紧迫的问题，即可以采取哪些适应性策略来恢复正常生活，包括接受社会可接受的医疗、卫生和其他与大流行相关的措施。
