ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, 560 030, Karnataka, India.
ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, 560 030, Karnataka, India.
Toxicon. 2021 Sep;200:55-68. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.06.017. Epub 2021 Jul 3.
Aflatoxins (AFs) are a class of mycotoxins produced by the toxigenic Aspergillus fungi and are common contaminants of foods and feeds. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), the most potent aflatoxin, is well characterized to reduce productive performance and mortality in broilers. This exclusive review summarizes the efficacy of various plant products and phytochemicals to counteract AFB1 toxicity in broilers. The biochemical and molecular mode of action of AFB1 to induce liver damage, genotoxicity, immunosuppression and the protective effect of plant products against such mechanisms and their toxic effects are discussed. The link between antioxidant, immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective functions of plant products; oxidative stress and AFB1 macromolecular adducts mediated AFB1 toxicity are covered. Efficacy of Satureja khuzistanica, Zataria multiflora Boiss, Thymus vulgaris, Sauropsus androgynus, Hemidesmus indicus, Leucas aspera, Moringa oleifera, Eclipta alba, Curcuma longa, Silybum marianum, Urtica dioica, and citrus fruit are summarized. The anti-aflatoxic effect of water-soluble substances of wheat, grape seed proanthocyanidin extract and phytochemicals like thymol, carvarol, piperine, transcinnamaldehyde, resveratrol, curcumin, and silymarin are also discussed. Specific plant products and phytochemicals are shown to be effective against AF toxicity in broilers and could represent an important tool to reduce health and economic losses associated with AFB1 exposure.
黄曲霉毒素（AFs）是一类由产毒真菌 Aspergillus 产生的真菌毒素，是食品和饲料中常见的污染物。黄曲霉毒素 B1（AFB1）是最具毒性的黄曲霉毒素，其能降低肉鸡的生产性能和死亡率已得到充分证实。本综述专门总结了各种植物产品和植物化学物质对中和黄曲霉毒素 B1 毒性的功效。讨论了 AFB1 诱导肝损伤、遗传毒性、免疫抑制的生化和分子作用机制，以及植物产品对这些机制及其毒性的保护作用。还探讨了植物产品的抗氧化、免疫调节和保肝作用之间的联系，以及氧化应激和 AFB1 大分子加合物介导的 AFB1 毒性之间的联系。综述了 Satureja khuzistanica、Zataria multiflora Boiss、Thymus vulgaris、Sauropsus androgynus、Hemidesmus indicus、Leucas aspera、Moringa oleifera、Eclipta alba、Curcuma longa、Silybum marianum、Urtica dioica 和柑橘类水果的功效。还讨论了小麦水溶性物质、葡萄籽原花青素提取物以及百里香酚、香芹酚、胡椒碱、反式肉桂醛、白藜芦醇、姜黄素和水飞蓟素等植物化学物质的抗黄曲霉毒素作用。特定的植物产品和植物化学物质对肉鸡的黄曲霉毒素毒性具有有效性，可能是减少与 AFB1 暴露相关的健康和经济损失的重要工具。
