Jackson M R, Mayhew T M, Haas J D
Department of Anatomy, Marischal College, University of Aberdeen, UK.
Placenta. 1987 Sep-Oct;8(5):487-95. doi: 10.1016/0143-4004(87)90077-4.
Stereological methods were used to test whether or not altitudinal, ethnic and sex differences in birthweight in Bolivia are associated with differences in placental morphology. Estimates of the volumes, surface areas, lengths and diameters of villi and of fetal capillaries were obtained by analysing paraffin sections of tissue. The average highland placenta contains villi of smaller overall volume, surface area and length. These villi possess a less voluminous fetal vascular space, and the capillaries are smaller in mean diameter. The average Amerindian placenta has longer but thinner capillaries than the average placenta delivered by non-indigenous women. Altitude and ethnic grouping interact to have an effect on total villous length, whilst ethnic grouping and sex interact to influence fetal capillary length. These structural differences are discussed in the context of their likely impact on placental functioning, notably on exchange by passive diffusion.
采用体视学方法来检验玻利维亚出生体重的海拔、种族和性别差异是否与胎盘形态差异相关。通过分析组织石蜡切片，得出绒毛以及胎儿毛细血管的体积、表面积、长度和直径的估计值。高原地区胎盘的绒毛总体积、表面积和长度较小。这些绒毛的胎儿血管腔较小，且毛细血管平均直径较小。美洲印第安人胎盘的毛细血管比非原住民女性分娩的胎盘毛细血管更长但更细。海拔和种族分组相互作用对绒毛总长度有影响，而种族分组和性别相互作用会影响胎儿毛细血管长度。文中讨论了这些结构差异可能对胎盘功能产生的影响，尤其是对被动扩散交换的影响。
