1Service des Urgences, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
2Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Jul 7;105(1):225-229. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1432.
In French Guiana, a French overseas region partly located in the Amazon, "Africanized" bees, a hybrid species of Brazilian bees known as "killer bees," have been observed since 1975. Since then, several cases requiring long hospitalization times have been described, allowing for a better understanding of the physiopathological mechanisms of this particular envenomation. Here, we report on a series of 10 cases of patients simultaneously attacked by hundreds of killer bees and immediately treated by a prehospital medical team already on site. Between 75 and 650 stingers were removed per victim. The reference treatment for anaphylaxis using intramuscular injection of epinephrine, vascular filling, and oxygen therapy was administered to all patients without delay. A clinical description was provided, and biological tests were performed immediately after the envenomation. We therefore observe the existence of a two-phase, medically well-controlled systemic toxic reaction. Thus, all our patients left the hospital after 44 hours of monitoring with no complications or sequelae, despite levels of intoxication described as potentially fatal elsewhere in the literature.
在法属圭亚那,一个位于亚马逊地区的法国海外地区,自 1975 年以来,一直观察到“非洲化”蜜蜂,这是一种被称为“杀人蜂”的巴西蜜蜂杂交种。从那时起,已经描述了几例需要长时间住院治疗的病例,这使得人们能够更好地了解这种特殊中毒的病理生理机制。在这里,我们报告了一组 10 例同时被数百只杀人蜂袭击的患者的病例,这些患者立即由现场的院前医疗团队进行治疗。每位受害者被移除的蜇针数量在 75 到 650 之间。所有患者都立即给予了肾上腺素肌肉注射、血管充盈和氧疗等过敏反应的标准治疗,而没有任何延误。在中毒后立即进行了临床描述和生物学测试。因此,尽管我们的所有患者在住院观察 44 小时后都没有出现并发症或后遗症,但中毒程度在文献中被描述为可能致命。