Zeng Qingfei, Xu Yuxia, Jeppesen Erik, Gu Xiaohong, Mao Zhigang, Chen Huihui
State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Key Lab of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulating of Shaanxi Province, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, China.
PeerJ. 2021 Jun 25;9:e11605. doi: 10.7717/peerj.11605. eCollection 2021.
Farming operation and amino acid profiles of pond-reared Chinese mitten crabs, (Milne Edwards, 1853), collected from different areas in Jiangsu Province, China were investigated and compared with the aim to elucidate how farming practices affected the nutritional values of three edible tissues (muscle, hepatopancreas and gonad) of crab. The crab pond aquaculture practices including snail input, macrophytes coverage, total commercial feed, the ratio of trash fish to total feed, were much higher in Gaochun and Jintan than that in other sites (having larger pond size), which leads to higher average individual body weight and commercial yields. Further, the mean body weight, muscle weight, carapace length and width, and the ratio of gonad to hepatopancreas were significantly higher in Jintan, Suzhou and Gaochun areas than in other regions. Amino acid assessment showed that all crabs collected delivered high-quality protein (Amino acid score >1 except Valine), the main amino acids being glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and alanine. Significant differences in amino acid profiles were observed between sites, tissues and sexes. Muscles were rich in total amino acids, essential amino acids, and delicious amino acids, followed by gonads and hepatopancreas. The contents of essential amino acids in crab muscles from Gaochun, Jintan, Suzhou and Guannan were significantly higher than those from Suqian, Sihong and Xinghua. All the amino acids except Serine and Glycine were significantly higher in gonads from males than from females. The redundancy analysis revealed that the snail input, trash fish ratio to the total feed, macrophytes coverage and total trash fish supply explained 84.3% of the variation in the amino acid content and structure in crabs from Gaochun, Jintan and Suzhou. Overall, our results show that mitten crabs collected in Jiangsu province had good nutritional quality suitable for human dietary needs, and that farming practices, especially degree of fish-source protein feeding, influence the amino acids composition of crabs.
对采自中国江苏省不同地区的中华绒螯蟹（1853年，米尔恩·爱德华兹命名）池塘养殖情况及其氨基酸谱进行了调查和比较，旨在阐明养殖方式如何影响蟹的三种可食用组织（肌肉、肝胰腺和性腺）的营养价值。高淳和金坛的蟹塘养殖方式，包括螺蛳投放量、水生植物覆盖率、商品饲料总量、杂鱼与总饲料的比例，均高于其他池塘面积较大的地区，这导致蟹的平均个体体重和商业产量更高。此外，金坛、苏州和高淳地区的蟹平均体重、肌肉重量、头胸甲长度和宽度以及性腺与肝胰腺的比例均显著高于其他地区。氨基酸评估表明，所有采集的蟹均提供优质蛋白质（除缬氨酸外，氨基酸评分>1），主要氨基酸为谷氨酸、天冬氨酸和丙氨酸。不同地点、组织和性别之间的氨基酸谱存在显著差异。肌肉中总氨基酸、必需氨基酸和呈味氨基酸含量丰富，其次是性腺和肝胰腺。高淳、金坛、苏州和灌南蟹肌肉中的必需氨基酸含量显著高于宿迁、泗洪和兴化。除丝氨酸和甘氨酸外，雄性性腺中的所有氨基酸均显著高于雌性。冗余分析表明，螺蛳投放量、杂鱼与总饲料的比例、水生植物覆盖率和杂鱼供应总量解释了高淳、金坛和苏州蟹氨基酸含量和结构变异的84.3%。总体而言，我们的结果表明，江苏省采集的中华绒螯蟹具有适合人类饮食需求的良好营养品质，养殖方式，尤其是鱼源蛋白投喂程度，会影响蟹的氨基酸组成。
