Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Jul 9;37(8):131. doi: 10.1007/s11274-021-03097-0.
Mosquito-borne diseases are a major threat to public health. The shortcomings of diagnostic tools, especially those that are antibody-based, have been blamed in part for the rising annual morbidity and mortality caused by these diseases. Antibodies harbor a number of disadvantages that can be clearly addressed by aptamers as the more promising molecular recognition elements. Aptamers are defined as single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides generated by SELEX that exhibit high binding affinity and specificity against a wide variety of target molecules based on their unique structural conformations. A number of aptamers were developed against mosquito-borne pathogens such as Dengue virus, Zika virus, Chikungunya virus, Plasmodium parasite, Francisella tularensis, Japanese encephalitis virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Rift Valley fever virus and Yellow fever virus. Intrigued by these achievements, we carry out a comprehensive overview of the aptamers developed against these mosquito-borne infectious agents. Characteristics of the aptamers and their roles in diagnostic, therapeutic as well as other applications are emphasized.
蚊媒传染病对公共卫生构成重大威胁。诊断工具的缺陷，尤其是那些基于抗体的诊断工具，被部分归咎于这些疾病导致的年发病率和死亡率上升。抗体存在许多缺点，而适体作为更有前途的分子识别元件，可以清楚地解决这些缺点。适体被定义为通过 SELEX 产生的单链 DNA 或 RNA 寡核苷酸，基于其独特的结构构象，针对各种靶分子表现出高的结合亲和力和特异性。已经开发了许多针对蚊媒病原体的适体，如登革热病毒、寨卡病毒、基孔肯雅热病毒、疟原虫、土拉弗朗西斯菌、日本脑炎病毒、委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒、裂谷热病毒和黄热病病毒。受这些成就的启发，我们对针对这些蚊媒传染病原开发的适体进行了全面概述。强调了适体的特点及其在诊断、治疗以及其他应用中的作用。
