Liu Kehui, Ding Yan, Lu Xiang, Wang Zhonghua
School of Health Policy Management, Nanjing Medical University-Nanjing, Nanjing, China.
Creative Health Policy Research Group, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Arch Public Health. 2021 Jul 9;79(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s13690-021-00646-9.
Smoking and excessive drinking are risk factors for many diseases. With the rapid economic development in China, it is important to identify trends in smoking and alcohol consumption and socioeconomic factors that contribute to these behaviors to ensure the health of the population.
we analyzed pooled cross-sectional data from the fourth, fifth, and sixth National Health Service Surveys conducted in Jiangsu Province in 2008, 2013, and 2018, respectively. The study population was those over 15 years old in three surveys. Trends in smoking and alcohol use were analyzed with descriptive statistics, and bivariate and multinomial logistic regression was used to identify contributing factors.
Among total sample, smoking rate was 23.95%, in which the incidence of light, moderate and heavy smoking was 5.75, 4.63 and 13.56%, respectively; drinking rate was 23.29%, in which non-excessive drinking and excessive drinking were 19.80 and 3.49%, respectively, "smoking and drinking" rate was 13.41%. From 2008 to 2018, overall and light-to-moderate smoking rates first increased and then decreased while heavy smoking rate declined; alcohol consumption increased while excessive drinking increased before decreasing; and the incidence of "smoking and drinking" has been rising continuously. The trend of smoking and drinking rates in urban area was similar to rural area, however there was significant difference between urban and rural area. Socioeconomic factors, demographic, health-related and year variables were significant influencing factors of smoking and drinking.
Our research can provide important evidences for tobacco and alcohol control in China and other similar developing countries. Preventive measures such as education and support services along with stricter regulations for tobacco and alcohol use are needed to improve public health in China.
吸烟和过量饮酒是许多疾病的危险因素。随着中国经济的快速发展，识别吸烟和饮酒行为的趋势以及促成这些行为的社会经济因素对于保障民众健康至关重要。
我们分析了分别于2008年、2013年和2018年在江苏省进行的第四次、第五次和第六次国家卫生服务调查的汇总横断面数据。研究人群为这三次调查中15岁以上的人群。采用描述性统计分析吸烟和饮酒行为的趋势，并使用二元和多项逻辑回归来确定影响因素。
在总样本中，吸烟率为23.95%，其中轻度、中度和重度吸烟的发生率分别为5.75%、4.63%和13.56%；饮酒率为23.29%，其中非过量饮酒和过量饮酒分别为19.80%和3.49%，“吸烟且饮酒”率为13.41%。2008年至2018年，总体吸烟率以及轻度至中度吸烟率先上升后下降，而重度吸烟率下降；饮酒量增加，过量饮酒量先增加后减少；“吸烟且饮酒”的发生率持续上升。城市地区和农村地区吸烟和饮酒率的变化趋势相似，但城乡之间存在显著差异。社会经济因素、人口统计学因素、与健康相关的因素和年份变量是吸烟和饮酒的重要影响因素。
我们的研究可为中国及其他类似发展中国家的烟草和酒精控制提供重要依据。在中国，需要采取教育和支持服务等预防措施以及更严格的烟酒使用监管措施来改善公众健康。
