Carlier François M, de Fays Charlotte, Pilette Charles
Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Department of Pneumology and Lung Transplant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium.
Front Physiol. 2021 Jun 24;12:691227. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.691227. eCollection 2021.
Mucosal surfaces are lined by epithelial cells, which provide a complex and adaptive module that ensures first-line defense against external toxics, irritants, antigens, and pathogens. The underlying mechanisms of host protection encompass multiple physical, chemical, and immune pathways. In the lung, inhaled agents continually challenge the airway epithelial barrier, which is altered in chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis, or pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we describe the epithelial barrier abnormalities that are observed in such disorders and summarize current knowledge on the mechanisms driving impaired barrier function, which could represent targets of future therapeutic approaches.
黏膜表面由上皮细胞排列而成，上皮细胞提供了一个复杂且适应性强的模块，可确保对外部毒素、刺激物、抗原和病原体的一线防御。宿主保护的潜在机制包括多种物理、化学和免疫途径。在肺部，吸入的物质不断挑战气道上皮屏障，而在慢性阻塞性肺疾病、哮喘、囊性纤维化或肺纤维化等慢性疾病中，该屏障会发生改变。在本综述中，我们描述了在这些疾病中观察到的上皮屏障异常情况，并总结了目前关于导致屏障功能受损机制的知识，这些机制可能成为未来治疗方法的靶点。
