Wu Xianbo, Xu Yihua, Jin Lina, Wang Xiaoou, Zhu Haiyan, Xie Yiqiang
School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China.
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Chengdu, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Jun 24;8:670744. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.670744. eCollection 2021.
Respiratory viruses are known to contribute to asthma exacerbations. A meta-analysis of three studies reported no association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality and preexisting asthma. This study aimed to investigate the mortality of patients with COVID-19 in relation to preexisting asthma and other allergic diseases associated with changes in respiratory function. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were queried for papers published up to April 9, 2021: (1) population: patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 according to the WHO guidelines; (2) exposure: preexisting asthma or allergic rhinitis; (3) outcomes: mortality, ICU admission, and/or hospitalization; and (4) language: English. For studies that reported adjusted models, the most adjusted model was used for this meta-analysis; otherwise, unadjusted results were used. Twenty-four studies (1,169,441 patients) were included in this meta-analysis. Patients who died of COVID-19 were not more likely to have preexisting asthma (OR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.78-1.15, = 0.602; I = 63.5%, P < 0.001). Patients with COVID-19 and admitted to the ICU (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 0.81-1.68, = 0.407; I = 91.1%, P = 0.407), or hospitalized (OR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.76-1.10, = 0.338; I = 79.1%, P < 0.001) were not more likely to have preexisting asthma. The results for mortality and hospitalization remained non-significant when considering the adjusted and unadjusted models separately. The results from the sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary analyses, suggesting the robustness of our results. This meta-analysis suggests that the patients who died from COVID-19, were admitted to the ICU, or hospitalized were not more likely to have asthma.
已知呼吸道病毒会导致哮喘加重。一项对三项研究的荟萃分析报告称，2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）死亡率与既往哮喘之间无关联。本研究旨在调查COVID-19患者的死亡率与既往哮喘以及与呼吸功能变化相关的其他过敏性疾病之间的关系。检索了PubMed、Embase和Cochrane图书馆中截至2021年4月9日发表的论文：（1）研究对象：根据世界卫生组织指南SARS-CoV-2检测呈阳性的患者；（2）暴露因素：既往哮喘或过敏性鼻炎；（3）结局指标：死亡率、入住重症监护病房（ICU）和/或住院治疗；（4）语言：英语。对于报告了校正模型的研究，本荟萃分析使用校正程度最高的模型；否则，使用未校正的结果。本荟萃分析纳入了24项研究（1,169,441名患者）。死于COVID-19的患者既往有哮喘的可能性并不更高（比值比[OR]=0.95，95%置信区间[CI]：0.78-1.15，P=0.602；I²=63.5%，P<0.001）。入住ICU的COVID-19患者（OR=1.17，95%CI：0.81-1.68，P=0.407；I²=91.1%，P=0.407）或住院患者（OR=0.91，95%CI：0.76-1.10，P=0.338；I²=79.1%，P<0.001）既往有哮喘的可能性也不更高。分别考虑校正模型和未校正模型时，死亡率和住院治疗的结果仍无统计学意义。敏感性分析结果与主要分析结果一致，表明我们结果的稳健性。本荟萃分析表明，死于COVID-19、入住ICU或住院的患者患哮喘的可能性并不更高。
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