沙特阿拉伯吉兰-巴雷综合征的临床特征和结局：一项多中心回顾性研究。
Clinical features and outcome of Guillain-Barre syndrome in Saudi Arabia: a multicenter, retrospective study.
机构信息
Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University Medical City and College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
BMC Neurol. 2021 Jul 12;21(1):275. doi: 10.1186/s12883-021-02314-5.
BACKGROUND
Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy characterized by rapidly evolving weakness and areflexia, reaching nadir within 4 weeks. Data on the characteristic of GBS in Saudi Arabia are limited. This study aimed to describe the clinical, electrophysiological, and laboratory characteristics and outcome of a multicenter cohort of patients with GBS.
METHODS
This is a retrospective multicenter nationwide study. Patients who had GBS, identified through Brighton Criteria, between January 2015 and December 2019 were included. Data collected included demographics, clinical features, cerebrospinal fluid profile, reported electrophysiological patterns, treatment, and outcome. Reported GBS subtypes were compared using chi-square, Fisher's exact, or Mann-Whitney U tests, as appropriate.
RESULTS
A total of 156 patients with GBS were included (men, 61.5%), with a median age of 38 (interquartile range, 26.25-53.5) years. The most commonly reported antecedent illnesses were upper respiratory tract infection (39.1%) and diarrhea (27.8%). All but two patients (98.7%) had weakness, 64.1% had sensory symptoms, 43.1% had facial diplegia, 33.8% had oropharyngeal weakness, 12.4% had ophthalmoplegia, and 26.3% needed mechanical ventilation. Cytoalbuminological dissociation was observed in 69.1% of the patients. GBS-specific therapy was administered in 96.8% of the patients, of whom 88.1% had intravenous immunoglobulin, and 11.9% had plasmapheresis. Approximately half of the patients were able to walk independently within 9 months after discharge, and a third regained the ability to walk independently thereafter. Death of one patient was caused by septicemia. Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy was the most commonly reported GBS subtype (37.7%), followed by acute motor axonal neuropathy (29.5%), and acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy (19.2%).
CONCLUSION
The clinical and laboratory characteristics and outcome of GBS in the Arab population of Saudi Arabia are similar to the international cohorts. The overall prognosis is favorable.
背景
吉兰-巴雷综合征（GBS）是一种以快速进展性肌无力和反射消失为特征的炎性多神经根神经病，在 4 周内达到最低点。关于沙特阿拉伯 GBS 特征的数据有限。本研究旨在描述多中心队列中 GBS 患者的临床、电生理和实验室特征及结局。
方法
这是一项回顾性多中心全国性研究。2015 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月期间，通过 Brighton 标准确诊的 GBS 患者均纳入研究。收集的数据包括人口统计学特征、临床特征、脑脊液特征、报道的电生理模式、治疗和结局。使用卡方检验、Fisher 确切检验或 Mann-Whitney U 检验比较报道的 GBS 亚型。
结果
共纳入 156 例 GBS 患者（男性 61.5%），中位年龄 38 岁（四分位间距 26.25-53.5）。最常见的前驱疾病为上呼吸道感染（39.1%）和腹泻（27.8%）。除 2 例患者（98.7%）外，所有患者均有肌无力，64.1%有感觉症状，43.1%有面瘫，33.8%有口咽肌无力，12.4%有眼肌麻痹，26.3%需要机械通气。69.1%的患者存在细胞蛋白分离现象。96.8%的患者接受了 GBS 特异性治疗，其中 88.1%接受了静脉注射免疫球蛋白，11.9%接受了血浆置换。约一半的患者在出院后 9 个月内能够独立行走，三分之一的患者此后能够独立行走。1 例患者因败血症死亡。急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多神经根神经病是最常见的 GBS 亚型（37.7%），其次是急性运动轴索性神经病（29.5%）和急性运动感觉轴索性神经病（19.2%）。
结论
沙特阿拉伯阿拉伯人群的 GBS 临床和实验室特征及结局与国际队列相似。总体预后良好。
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