Almalki Shahad, Alghamdi Lama, Khayyat Jumana, Harun Rawan T, Alyousef Mayar, Hakeem Rana, Alsamiri Sarah, Alrefaie Zienab, Bamaga Ahmed K
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2023 Nov 12;15(11):e48703. doi: 10.7759/cureus.48703. eCollection 2023 Nov.
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the leading cause of non-polio acute flaccid paralysis worldwide, emphasizing the importance of epidemiological studies on this condition. Therefore, well-designed epidemiological studies in different populations can provide a better understanding of the characteristics of patients with GBS and the nature of the disease. To our knowledge, no previous study has attempted to describe the characteristics of patients with GBS in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) based on disease subtypes and clinical features in both adult and pediatric patients. This study aimed to assess the frequencies of GBS subtypes and their relationships with patient characteristics and clinical data in a tertiary hospital in Jeddah, KSA.
This was a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with GBS between January 2000 and January 2018 at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), a tertiary center in Jeddah, KSA.
In total, 47 patients with GBS (median age: seven years for pediatric and 36 years for adult patients) were included in the current study. There were six male and three female pediatric patients and 19 male and 19 female adult patients. Among patients with GBS who were classified into a specific electrophysiological subtype (n = 28), 13 (46.2%) had acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), 11 (39%) had an axonal subtype, and four (14%) had Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS). Patients required prolonged hospitalization of approximately 20 ± 22 days (2.83 ± 3.11 weeks). Patients with MFS were more likely to have higher cytoalbuminologic dissociation than those with other subtypes.
AIDP was the most frequent type of GBS, followed by the axonal type. Patients required prolonged hospitalization of approximately 20 ± 22 days (2.83 ± 3.11 weeks). Patients with MFS were more likely to have higher cytoalbuminologic dissociation than those with other subtypes. GBS type did not show a relationship with ICU admission or mechanical ventilation use. There was no association between specific therapies and different GBS subtypes and no significant difference in outcomes between different patterns of clinical presentation. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasma exchange (PE) treatments both had the same efficacy in relation to outcomes for patients with GBS.
吉兰 - 巴雷综合征（GBS）是全球非脊髓灰质炎急性弛缓性麻痹的主要原因，凸显了针对这种疾病进行流行病学研究的重要性。因此，在不同人群中精心设计的流行病学研究能够更好地了解GBS患者的特征以及该疾病的本质。据我们所知，此前尚无研究基于疾病亚型和临床特征，对沙特阿拉伯王国（KSA）成年和儿科GBS患者的特征进行描述。本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯吉达一家三级医院中GBS亚型的发生率及其与患者特征和临床数据的关系。
这是一项对2000年1月至2018年1月期间在沙特阿拉伯吉达的三级中心阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学医院（KAUH）被诊断为GBS的患者进行的回顾性研究。
本研究共纳入47例GBS患者（儿科患者中位年龄为7岁，成年患者为36岁）。儿科患者中有6名男性和3名女性，成年患者中有19名男性和19名女性。在被归类为特定电生理亚型的GBS患者中（n = 28），13例（46.2%）患有急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病（AIDP），11例（39%）患有轴索性亚型，4例（14%）患有米勒 - 费希尔综合征（MFS）。患者需要大约20±22天（2.83±3.11周）的长期住院治疗。MFS患者比其他亚型患者更有可能出现更高的蛋白细胞分离现象。
AIDP是GBS最常见的类型，其次是轴索性类型。患者需要大约20±22天（2.83±3.11周）的长期住院治疗。MFS患者比其他亚型患者更有可能出现更高的蛋白细胞分离现象。GBS类型与入住重症监护病房或使用机械通气无关。特定治疗方法与不同GBS亚型之间没有关联，不同临床表现模式的患者预后也没有显著差异。静脉注射免疫球蛋白（IVIg）和血浆置换（PE）治疗对GBS患者的预后疗效相同。
