AlKahtani Nada A, Alkhudair Joud A, Bensaeed Nora Z, Alshammari Yara S, Alanazi Rahaf F, Khatri Ismail A, Masud Nazish
College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU.
Department of Neurology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU.
Cureus. 2023 Jun 26;15(6):e40995. doi: 10.7759/cureus.40995. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute, usually post-infectious, peripheral neuropathy resulting in a symmetrical, ascending paralysis. We evaluated the clinical and neurophysiological features, treatment, and outcomes of patients with GBS in our center.
A retrospective chart review on patients with GBS admitted to King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from January 2011 to December 2020. Data were analyzed using JMP statistical software version 15 pro.
A total of 86 patients who met the criteria were included, 55 (64%) were males, with a mean age of 49.5+/-17.5 years. Antecedent infection was reported in 53 (61.6%), 51 (62.2%) presented within one week of symptoms onset. Ascending weakness was seen in 55 (70.5%), while 70 (81.4%) had areflexia. Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) was the commonest electrophysiological type of GBS in 41 (51.9%) patients. Albuminocytologic dissociation was seen in 48 (57%) who had lumbar puncture. Nearly half, 41 (47.7%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Seventy (81.3%) were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin. There was no significant difference in the clinical presentation, management, ICU requirement, and discharge disposition between males and females. Females were more likely to have a higher disability at discharge (p=0.01). Patients younger than 60 years were more likely to require ICU admission (p=<0.01).
Our patients with GBS were slightly older than previously reported from the region. AMAN was the commonest type of GBS. Younger patients were more likely to need ICU admission, whereas females were more likely to have a more severe disability.
吉兰-巴雷综合征（GBS）是急性（通常为感染后）周围神经病变最常见的病因，可导致对称性、上行性麻痹。我们评估了本中心GBS患者的临床和神经生理学特征、治疗及预后情况。
对2011年1月至2020年12月期间入住沙特阿拉伯利雅得阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王医疗城的GBS患者进行回顾性病历审查。使用JMP统计软件15专业版进行数据分析。
共纳入86例符合标准的患者，其中55例（64%）为男性，平均年龄49.5±17.5岁。53例（61.6%）报告有前驱感染，51例（62.2%）在症状出现后一周内就诊。55例（70.5%）出现上行性无力，70例（81.4%）腱反射消失。急性运动轴索性神经病（AMAN）是41例（51.9%）患者中最常见的GBS电生理类型。48例（57%）接受腰椎穿刺的患者出现蛋白细胞分离现象。近一半，即41例（47.7%）患者入住重症监护病房（ICU）。70例（81.3%）接受静脉注射免疫球蛋白治疗。男性和女性在临床表现、治疗、ICU需求及出院处置方面无显著差异。女性出院时残疾程度较高的可能性更大（p=0.01）。年龄小于60岁的患者更有可能需要入住ICU（p<0.0）。
我们中心的GBS患者年龄比该地区先前报告的略大。AMAN是GBS最常见的类型。年轻患者更有可能需要入住ICU，而女性更有可能有更严重残疾。
