State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Biomed Res Int. 2021 Jun 24;2021:9967035. doi: 10.1155/2021/9967035. eCollection 2021.
Nonnutritive sweeteners (NNSs) are sugar substitutes widely used to reduce the negative health effects of excessive sugar consumption. Dental caries, one of the most prevalent chronic diseases globally, results from a pathogenic biofilm with microecological imbalance and frequent exposure to sugars. Some research has shown that certain NNSs possess less cariogenic potential than sucrose, indicating their putative effect on oral microbiome. To uncover the alterations of acidogenic pathogens and alkali-generating commensals, as well as the biofilm cariogenic potential under the influence of NNSs, we selected four common NNSs (acesulfame-K, aspartame, saccharin, and sucralose) and established single-, dual-, and multispecies culture model to assess their effects on () and/or () compared to sucrose with the same sweetness. The results showed that NNSs significantly suppressed the planktonic growth, acid production, and biofilm formation of or compared with sucrose in single-species cultures. Additionally, decreased / ratio, less EPS generation, and higher pH value were observed in dual-species and saliva-derived multispecies biofilms with supplementary NNSs. Collectively, this study demonstrates that NNSs inhibit the cariogenic potential of biofilms by maintaining microbial equilibrium, thus having a promising prospect as anticaries agents.
非营养性甜味剂（NNSs）是广泛用于降低过量糖消费负面影响的糖替代品。龋齿是全球最普遍的慢性疾病之一，由致病性生物膜引起，微生态失衡，频繁接触糖。一些研究表明，某些 NNSs 的致龋潜力低于蔗糖，表明它们对口腔微生物组的潜在影响。为了揭示 NNSs 对酸产生菌和产碱共生菌的影响，以及生物膜致龋潜力的变化，我们选择了四种常见的 NNSs（乙酰磺胺酸钾、阿斯巴甜、糖精和三氯蔗糖），并建立了单种、双种和多种种培养模型，以评估它们与同甜度的蔗糖相比对（）和/或（）的影响。结果表明，在单种培养中，NNSs 显著抑制了或的浮游生长、产酸和生物膜形成，而与蔗糖相比。此外，在补充 NNSs 的双种和唾液衍生的多物种生物膜中，/比值降低，EPS 生成减少，pH 值升高。总之，这项研究表明，NNSs 通过维持微生物平衡来抑制生物膜的致龋潜力，因此作为抗龋剂具有广阔的前景。
