Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 422, Alkharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jul 15;11(1):14557. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93342-1.
Worldwide, thyroid cancer accounts for some 10% of total cancer incidence, most markedly for females. Thyroid cancer radiotherapy, typically using I (T 8.02 days; β max energy 606 keV, branching ratio 89.9%), is widely adopted as an adjunct to surgery or to treat inoperable cancer and hyperthyroidism. With staff potentially receiving significant doses during source preparation and administration, radiation protection and safety assessment are required in ensuring practice complies with international guidelines. The present study, concerning a total of 206 patient radioiodine therapies carried out at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center over a 6-month period, seeks to evaluate patient and occupational exposures during hospitalization, measuring ambient doses and estimating radiation risk. Using calibrated survey meters, patient exposure dose-rate estimates were obtained at a distance of 30-, 100- and 300 cm from the neck region of each patient. Occupational and ambient doses were measured using calibrated thermoluminescent dosimeters. The mean and range of administered activity (AA, in MBq) for the thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidism treatment groups were 4244 ± 2021 (1669-8066), 1507.9 ± 324.1 (977.9-1836.9), respectively. The mean annual occupational doses were 1.2 mSv, that for ambient doses outside of the isolation room corridors were found to be 0.2 mSv, while ambient doses at the nursing station were below the lower limit of detection. Exposures to staff from patients being treated for thyroid cancer were less compared to hyperthyroidism patients. With a well-defined protocol, also complying with international safety requirements, occupational exposures were found to be relatively high, greater than most reported in previous studies.
在全球范围内，甲状腺癌约占总癌症发病率的 10%，在女性中尤为明显。甲状腺癌放疗通常使用碘-131（T 8.02 天；β max 能量 606keV，分支比 89.9%），作为手术的辅助手段或用于治疗无法手术的癌症和甲状腺功能亢进。由于工作人员在准备和管理源时可能会受到大量辐射，因此需要进行辐射防护和安全评估，以确保实践符合国际准则。本研究涉及在法沙特国王专科医院和研究中心进行的 206 例患者放射性碘治疗，旨在评估住院期间患者和职业暴露情况，测量环境剂量并评估辐射风险。使用校准的调查仪表，在距离每位患者颈部 30、100 和 300cm 的位置测量患者暴露剂量率。使用校准的热释光剂量计测量职业和环境剂量。甲状腺癌和甲状腺功能亢进治疗组的平均和范围（MBq）给予的活性（AA）分别为 4244±2021（1669-8066）和 1507.9±324.1（977.9-1836.9）。平均年职业剂量为 1.2mSv，隔离室走廊外的环境剂量为 0.2mSv，而护理站的环境剂量低于检测下限。与甲状腺功能亢进患者相比，接受甲状腺癌治疗的患者对工作人员的暴露较少。由于制定了明确的方案，同时也符合国际安全要求，因此职业暴露相对较高，高于大多数先前研究的报告。
