Laboratory of Modeling and 3D Visualization, GPSA, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, bl 709, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-760, Brazil.
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
Water Sci Technol. 2021 Jul;84(1):135-143. doi: 10.2166/wst.2021.202.
High-performance sulfonated polysulfone (SPSf) mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) were fabricated via a nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) method using zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-67 (ZIF-67) as a crosslinker. Acid-base crosslinking occurred between the sulfonic acid groups of SPSf and the tertiary amine groups of the embedded ZIF-67, which improved the dispersion of ZIF-67 and simultaneously improved the membrane strzcture and permselectivity. The dispersion of ZIF-67 in the MMMs and the acid-base crosslinking reaction were verified by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The pore structure analysis of MMMs indicated that filling ZIF-67 into SPSf enhanced the average surface pore sizes, surface porosities and more micropore in cross-sections. The crossflow filtrations showed the MMMs have higher pure water fluxes (57 to 111 L m h) than the SPSf membrane (55 L m h) but also higher bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection rate of 93.9-95.8%, a model protein foulant. The MMMs showed a higher water contact angle than the SPSf membrane due to the addition of hydrophobic ZIF-67 and acid-base crosslinking, and also maintained high thermal stability evidenced by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results. At the optimal ZIF-67 concentration of 0.3 wt%, the water flux of the SPSf-Z67-0.3 membrane was 82 L m h with a high BSA rejection rate of 95.3% at 0.1 MPa and better antifouling performance (FRR = 70%).
通过非溶剂致相分离(NIPS)法,使用沸石咪唑酯骨架-67(ZIF-67)作为交联剂,制备了高性能磺化聚砜(SPSf)混合基质膜(MMMs)。SPSf 的磺酸基团与嵌入的 ZIF-67 的叔胺基团之间发生酸碱交联,这提高了 ZIF-67 的分散性,同时改善了膜的结构和选择透过性。能量色散 X 射线光谱(EDX)、X 射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和 X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)验证了 ZIF-67 在 MMMs 中的分散性和酸碱交联反应。MMMs 的孔径结构分析表明,将 ZIF-67 填充到 SPSf 中增加了平均表面孔径、表面孔隙率和横截面中的更多微孔。错流过滤表明,MMMs 的纯水通量(57 至 111 L m h)高于 SPSf 膜(55 L m h),但对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的截留率也更高,为 93.9-95.8%,这是一种模型蛋白污染物。由于添加了疏水性 ZIF-67 和酸碱交联,MMMs 的水接触角高于 SPSf 膜,热重分析(TGA)结果也表明其具有较高的热稳定性。在 ZIF-67 最佳浓度为 0.3wt%时,SPSf-Z67-0.3 膜的水通量为 82 L m h,在 0.1 MPa 下对 BSA 的截留率高达 95.3%,且具有更好的抗污染性能(FRR=70%)。
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