空气污染对农村居民医疗支出的空间溢出效应研究——基于空间 Durbin 模型
Spatial Spillover Effects of Air Pollution on the Health Expenditure of Rural Residents: Based on Spatial Durbin Model.
机构信息
School of Economics and Management, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China.
Business School, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 1;18(13):7058. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18137058.
BACKGROUND
Air pollution is one source of harm to the health of residents, and the impact of air pollution on health expenditure has become a hot topic worldwide. However, few studies aim at the spatial spillover effects of air pollution on the health expenditure of rural residents (HE-RR), including the impact on the health expenditure in neighboring areas.
OBJECTIVE
Based on the existing research, this paper further introduces the spatial dimension and uses the Spatial Durbin model to discuss the impact of environmental pollution on the health expenditure of rural residents (HE-RR).
METHODS
Based on provincial panel data during 2002-2015 in China, the Spatial Durbin model was used to investigate the spatial spillover effect of the average annual concentration of PM2.5 (AAC-PM2.5) on the health expenditure of rural residents (HE-RR).
RESULTS
There was a significant positive correlation between AAC-PM2.5 and health expenditure of rural residents (HE-RR) in neighboring areas at a significant level of 5% (COEF: 2.546, Z: 2.340), that is, AAC-PM2.5 has a spatial spillover effect on PC-HE-RR in neighboring areas, and the spatial spillover effect is greater than the direct effect. The migration and diffusion of PM2.5 pollution will affect the air quality of neighboring areas, leading to the health risk not only from the local PM2.5 pollution but also the nearby PM2.5 pollution.
CONCLUSION
The results show a significant positive relationship between air pollution and HE-RR in neighboring areas, and the spatial spillover effect is greater than the direct effect.
背景
空气污染是危害居民健康的一个因素，空气污染对健康支出的影响已成为全球热点话题。然而，很少有研究关注空气污染对农村居民健康支出（HE-RR）的空间溢出效应，包括对邻近地区健康支出的影响。
目的
在现有研究的基础上，进一步引入空间维度，利用空间杜宾模型探讨环境污染对农村居民健康支出（HE-RR）的影响。
方法
基于中国 2002-2015 年的省级面板数据，利用空间杜宾模型探讨平均年浓度 PM2.5（AAC-PM2.5）对农村居民健康支出（HE-RR）的空间溢出效应。
结果
在 5%的显著水平下，AAC-PM2.5 与邻近地区农村居民健康支出（HE-RR）之间存在显著的正相关（COEF：2.546，Z：2.340），即 AAC-PM2.5 对邻近地区的 PC-HE-RR 存在空间溢出效应，且空间溢出效应大于直接效应。PM2.5 污染的迁移和扩散会影响邻近地区的空气质量，导致健康风险不仅来自当地的 PM2.5 污染，也来自附近的 PM2.5 污染。
结论
结果表明，空气污染与邻近地区的 HE-RR 之间存在显著的正相关关系，且空间溢出效应大于直接效应。
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