不同秸秆生物炭与微生物菌剂配施对盆栽试验土壤环境的影响。
Effects of different straw biochar combined with microbial inoculants on soil environment in pot experiment.
机构信息
College of Resource and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
College of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2021 Jul 19;11(1):14685. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-94209-1.
Ginseng is an important cash crop. The long-term continuous cropping of ginseng causes the imbalance of soil environment and the exacerbation of soil-borne diseases, which affects the healthy development of ginseng industry. In this study, ginseng continuous cropping soil was treated with microbial inocula using broad-spectrum biocontrol microbial strain Frankia F1. Wheat straw, rice straw and corn straw were the best carrier materials for microbial inoculum. After treatment with microbial inoculum prepared with corn straw biochar, the soil pH value, organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were increased by 11.18%, 55.43%, 33.07%, 26.70%, 16.40%, and 9.10%, the activities of soil urease, catalase and sucrase increased by 52.73%, 16.80% and 43.80%, respectively. A Metagenomics showed that after the application of microbial inoculum prepared with corn straw biochar, soil microbial OTUs, Chao1 index, Shannon index, and Simpson index increased by 19.86%, 16.05%, 28.83%, and 3.16%, respectively. Three classes (Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Sphingobacteria) were the dominant bacteria in ginseng soil, and their abundance increased by 7.87%, 9.81% and 1.24%, respectively, after treatment with microbial inoculum with corn straw biochar. Results indicated that the most effective treatment in ginseng soil would be the combined application of corn straw biochar and Frankia F1.
人参是一种重要的经济作物。人参的长期连作导致土壤环境失衡和土传病害加剧，影响人参产业的健康发展。本研究采用广谱生防微生物菌株弗兰克氏菌 F1 对人参连作土壤进行微生物接种剂处理。麦秸、稻草和玉米秸秆是微生物接种剂的最佳载体材料。用玉米秸秆生物炭制备的微生物接种剂处理后，土壤 pH 值、有机质、总氮、有效氮、有效磷和速效钾分别增加了 11.18%、55.43%、33.07%、26.70%、16.40%和 9.10%，土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶活性分别提高了 52.73%、16.80%和 43.80%。宏基因组学分析表明，施用玉米秸秆生物炭制备的微生物接种剂后，土壤微生物 OTUs、Chao1 指数、Shannon 指数和 Simpson 指数分别增加了 19.86%、16.05%、28.83%和 3.16%。在人参土壤中，α变形菌纲、γ变形菌纲和鞘脂菌纲为优势细菌，用玉米秸秆生物炭处理后，其丰度分别增加了 7.87%、9.81%和 1.24%。结果表明，玉米秸秆生物炭和弗兰克氏菌 F1 的联合应用是人参土壤最有效的处理方法。
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