Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZUAS), Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice Unit (IECP), Institute of Health Sciences (IHS), Winterthur, Switzerland.
University of Zurich, Institute of Biomedical Ethics and History of Medicine (IBME), Zurich, Switzerland.
GMS J Med Educ. 2021 Jun 15;38(5):Doc91. doi: 10.3205/zma001487. eCollection 2021.
Patient-centredness (PCN) is an increasingly demanded objective in health care and has gained importance for the care situation, for research, and the education of healthcare professions. The literature shows that the term PCN is not uniformly defined. Key aspects for the concept of PCN can be found in the integrative model and its dimensions by Scholl and colleagues (2014), which are incorporated into the acquisition of competencies in Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) examination formats. The inclusion of subjective experiences of persons directly affected in health-related situations is recognized as an important factor for continuous improvement in health care. In the interprofessional education of healthcare professions, subjective experiences serve as a starting point in relation to OSCE exams. In this context, the project "DIPEx" "Database of Individual Patients' Experiences" stands for the systematic collection and evaluation of subjective experiences of illness using scientific methods. The aim of this interprofessional training workshop was to show how PCN can support the writing of case vignettes based on real experiences from systematically collected narratives within the DIPEx project, as well as the preparation of simulation subjects for OSCE examinations in the healthcare professions. Interactive, moderated workshop with two theory-based input presentations on the systematic development of interprofessional case vignettes based on four steps, group work with synthesis in the form of statements, and a concluding outlook. With regard to the aims of the workshop, the synthesis included results at two levels: exemplary results on aims not explicitly addressed: Interprofessional teaching is full of presuppositions and requires clarification of four different perspectives in advance to be included in case development;exemplary results on explicitly addressed aims: Listening to and incorporating the real-life experiences and narratives of persons directly affected in health-related situations and their families was seen as an important learning aspect for PCN in relation to the practitioner-patient relationship. Five key statements on explicit aims for case development involving PCN emerged from the group work. Competency-based interprofessional education of health professionals and PCN can benefit from real patient narratives of health and illness as simulated patients can portray roles in OSCE formats in a realistic and convincing manner.
以患者为中心（PCN）是医疗保健中日益要求的目标，对于护理情况、研究和医疗保健专业的教育都很重要。文献表明，PCN 一词的定义并不统一。Scholl 及其同事（2014 年）的综合模型及其维度中可以找到 PCN 概念的关键方面，这些方面被纳入客观结构化临床考试（OSCE）考试形式的能力获取中。纳入直接受健康相关情况影响的人的主观经验被认为是持续改进医疗保健的一个重要因素。在医疗保健专业的跨专业教育中，主观经验是 OSCE 考试的起点。在这种情况下，“DIPEx”项目“个体患者经验数据库”代表了使用科学方法系统地收集和评估疾病的主观经验。本次跨专业培训研讨会的目的是展示如何使用 PCN 支持基于 DIPEx 项目中系统收集的叙述编写真实经验的案例简述，以及为医疗保健专业的 OSCE 考试准备模拟科目。互动式、以理论为基础的研讨会，包括四个步骤的基于系统发展的跨专业案例简述的两个理论输入演示、小组工作以及以陈述形式进行综合、总结展望。就研讨会的目标而言，综合结果包括两个层面：明确目标之外的典型结果：跨专业教学充满了假设，需要预先澄清四个不同的观点，以便纳入案例开发；明确目标的典型结果：倾听和整合直接受健康相关情况及其家庭影响的人的真实生活经验和叙述，被视为与医患关系相关的 PCN 的一个重要学习方面。小组工作产生了五个关于明确涉及 PCN 的案例发展目标的关键陈述。基于能力的医疗保健专业人员的跨专业教育和 PCN 可以从健康和疾病的真实患者叙述中受益，因为模拟患者可以以现实和令人信服的方式在 OSCE 格式中扮演角色。
