Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
Turk J Med Sci. 2021 Dec 17;51(SI-1):3215-3220. doi: 10.3906/sag-2106-156.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been appeared first in China since December 2019. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs primarily with droplets through coughing and sneezing and also occurs through inhalation of aerosolized secretions, which travel, remain suspended in the air longer.
Since early stages of the outbreak, COVID-19 cases have been described in healthcare workers (HCWs). However, in the early stages, the disease may be asymptomatic. This may lead to incorrect diagnosis or delayed diagnosis and may lead to the nosocomial spread of the virus. One of the most important causes of transmission among HCWs is being exposed to an aerosolized virus in a closed environment for a long time. It is possible to prevent and control the spread of COVID-19 in hospitals with outpatient treatment and triage.
Infection control measures, including wearing surgical masks, hand hygiene, and social distance are considered essential in preventing human-to-human transmissions of SARS-CoV-2. Immediate response and practices of infection control measures are critical for saving lives during an epidemic inside and outside the hospital.
Analyzing current knowledge about the features of SARS-CoV-2 infection, screening, personal protection protocols, triage and psychological support practices for healthcare professionals can be promising in terms of controlling the infection.
背景/目的：由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2 型（SARS-CoV-2）引起的 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）自 2019 年 12 月以来首次在中国出现。SARS-CoV-2 的传播主要通过咳嗽和打喷嚏产生的飞沫进行，也通过吸入气溶胶化的分泌物进行，这些分泌物会传播，并在空气中停留更长时间。
自疫情爆发早期以来，医护人员（HCWs）中就出现了 COVID-19 病例。然而，在早期阶段，疾病可能是无症状的。这可能导致误诊或延迟诊断，并可能导致病毒在医院内传播。HCWs 之间传播的一个重要原因是长时间暴露在封闭环境中的气溶胶化病毒。通过门诊治疗和分诊，可以预防和控制 COVID-19 在医院中的传播。
包括戴外科口罩、手部卫生和保持社交距离在内的感染控制措施被认为是预防 SARS-CoV-2 人际传播的重要手段。在医院内外的疫情期间，立即采取感染控制措施和实践对于挽救生命至关重要。
分析目前关于 SARS-CoV-2 感染特征、筛查、个人防护协议、分诊和医护人员心理支持实践的知识，对于控制感染具有重要意义。
