State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
Duke Kunshan University, Suzhou, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jul 21;11(1):14850. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93480-6.
Gleditsia sinensis is an endemic species widely distributed in China with high economic and medicinal value. To explore the genomic evolution and phylogenetic relationships of G. sinensis, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of G. sinensis was sequenced and assembled, which was firstly reported in Gleditsia. The mt genome was circular and 594,121 bp in length, including 37 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 19 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and 3 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The overall base composition of the G. sinensis mt genome was 27.4% for A, 27.4% for T, 22.6% for G, 22.7% for C. The comparative analysis of PCGs in Fabaceae species showed that most of the ribosomal protein genes and succinate dehydrogenase genes were lost. In addition, we found that the rps4 gene was only lost in G. sinensis, whereas it was retained in other Fabaceae species. The phylogenetic analysis based on shared PCGs of 24 species (22 Fabaceae and 2 Solanaceae) showed that G. sinensis is evolutionarily closer to Senna species. In general, this research will provide valuable information for the evolution of G. sinensis and provide insight into the phylogenetic relationships within the family Fabaceae.
皂荚是一种分布广泛于中国的特有种，具有很高的经济和药用价值。为了探究皂荚的基因组进化和系统发育关系，我们对皂荚的完整线粒体基因组进行了测序和组装，这在皂荚属中尚属首次报道。皂荚的线粒体基因组为环状，长度为 594,121bp，包含 37 个蛋白编码基因（PCGs）、19 个转移 RNA（tRNA）基因和 3 个核糖体 RNA（rRNA）基因。皂荚线粒体基因组的碱基组成总体上为 A 占 27.4%，T 占 27.4%，G 占 22.6%，C 占 22.7%。对豆科物种 PCGs 的比较分析表明，大部分核糖体蛋白基因和琥珀酸脱氢酶基因丢失。此外，我们发现 rps4 基因仅在皂荚中丢失，而在其他豆科物种中保留。基于 24 种物种（22 种豆科和 2 种茄科）的共享 PCGs 的系统发育分析表明，皂荚在进化上与决明属物种更为接近。总的来说，本研究将为皂荚的进化提供有价值的信息，并深入了解豆科内的系统发育关系。
