Escuela de Ciencias del Deporte y Actividad Física, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, UST, Santiago 8370003, Chile.
Sciences of Physical Activity, Sports and Health School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170022, Chile.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 16;20(4):3516. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043516.
This review aimed to identify the effects of strength training programs on the physical fitness of Olympic combat sports (OCS) athletes. The systematic review included peer-reviewed articles that incorporated interventions that included pre- and post-intervention physical fitness assessment. The search was performed in the SCOPUS, PubMed, and Web of Science databases between April and September 2022. PRISMA and the TESTEX checklist were used to select and assess the methodological quality of the studies. Twenty studies with 504 participants (428 males and 76 females) were included. Significant improvements were found in athletes' maximal dynamic and isometric strength, muscle power, flexibility, and balance. In addition, improvements in favor of the training groups in specific actions of judo, karate, fencing, and boxing were observed. In conclusion, interventions aimed at the development of muscle strength in OCS, specifically in judo, boxing, karate, wrestling, and fencing, proved to be beneficial at a physical fitness level, resulting in significant increases in favor of the training groups with OCS, which could be used by trainers and coaches to improve the physical performance of athletes.
本综述旨在确定力量训练计划对奥林匹克格斗运动（OCS）运动员身体素质的影响。系统综述包括纳入干预措施的同行评审文章，这些干预措施包括干预前后的身体素质评估。检索于 2022 年 4 月至 9 月在 SCOPUS、PubMed 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行。使用 PRISMA 和 TESTEX 清单选择和评估研究的方法学质量。共纳入 20 项研究，涉及 504 名参与者（428 名男性和 76 名女性）。研究发现，运动员的最大动态和等长力量、肌肉力量、柔韧性和平衡能力均有显著提高。此外，还观察到训练组在柔道、空手道、击剑和拳击等特定动作中具有优势的改善。总之，针对 OCS 肌肉力量发展的干预措施，特别是在柔道、拳击、空手道、摔跤和击剑方面，已被证明在身体素质水平上是有益的，训练组具有明显优势，这可以为教练员提供帮助，提高运动员的身体素质。
