Sanchez-Gomez Martin, Giorgi Gabriele, Finstad Georgia Libera, Urbini Flavio, Foti Giulia, Mucci Nicola, Zaffina Salvatore, León-Perez José M
Department of Evolutionary, Educational, Social Psychology and Methodology, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, 00163 Rome, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 12;18(14):7422. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147422.
The COVID-19 global pandemic still represents a major threat with detrimental health consequences. Analyzing the psychological outcomes, COVID-19 could be interpreted as a collective traumatic event that can generate symptoms related to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Considering this, the purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to investigate the relationship between intrusive thoughts and fear related to the COVID-19 pandemic and between intrusive thoughts and mental health; second, to test the mediating role of hyperarousal and avoidance in these two relationships. In order to reach these aims, the present study investigated these relationships and tested a mediation model in two cross-sectional studies in Italy. Altogether, 627 individuals and 495 workers completed an online survey for study 1 and study 2, respectively. Mediation analyses were performed via the SPSS macro PROCESS; the significance of total, direct, and indirect effect was tested via bootstrapping. The results showed that within the PTSD framework, hyperarousal compared with avoidance mediated the relationship between intrusion and the analyzed outcomes. In conclusion, the present study provided empirical evidence for the influence of hyperarousal on individual consequences such as fear of COVID-19 and mental health. Research, as well as theoretical and practical implications, are discussed.
新冠疫情全球大流行仍是一个重大威胁，会对健康产生有害影响。分析心理结果可知，新冠疫情可被视为一个集体创伤事件，会引发与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）相关的症状。考虑到这一点，本文的目的有两个：第一，调查与新冠疫情相关的侵入性思维和恐惧之间的关系，以及侵入性思维和心理健康之间的关系；第二，检验过度觉醒和回避在这两种关系中的中介作用。为实现这些目标，本研究在意大利的两项横断面研究中调查了这些关系，并检验了一个中介模型。共有627名个体和495名工人分别完成了研究1和研究2的在线调查。通过SPSS宏程序PROCESS进行中介分析；通过自抽样检验总效应、直接效应和间接效应的显著性。结果表明，在创伤后应激障碍框架内，与回避相比，过度觉醒介导了侵入性思维与分析结果之间的关系。总之，本研究为过度觉醒对个体后果（如对新冠疫情的恐惧和心理健康）的影响提供了实证证据。文中讨论了研究以及理论和实践意义。
