División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, TecNM-Instituto Tecnológico de Culiacán. Juan de Dios Batíz 310. Col. Guadalupe, 80220. Culiacán, SI, México.
Departamento de Tecnología Ambiental, Universidad Tecnológica de Culiacán, Carr. Culiacán-Imala, Km 2, Los Ángeles, 80014. Culiacán, SI, México.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 13;18(14):7456. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147456.
Agricultural activities are highly related to the reduction of the availability of water resources due to the consumption of freshwater for crop irrigation, the use of fertilizers and pesticides. In this study, the water quality of the Adolfo López Mateos (ALM) reservoir was evaluated. This is one of the most important reservoirs in Mexico since the water stored is used mainly for crop irrigation in the most productive agricultural region. A comprehensive evaluation of water quality was carried out by analyzing the behavior of 23 parameters at four sampling points in the period of 2012-2019. The analysis of the spatial behavior of the water quality parameters was studied by spatial distribution graphs using the Inverse Distance Weighting interpolation. Pearson correlation was performed to better describe the behavior of all water quality parameters. This analysis revealed that many of these parameters were significantly correlated. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was carried out and showed the importance of water quality parameters. Ten principal components were obtained, which explained almost 90% of the total variation of the data. Additionally, the comprehensive pollution index showed a slight water quality variation in the ALM reservoir. This study also demonstrated that the main source of contamination in this reservoir occurs near sampling point one. Finally, the results obtained indicated that a contamination risk in the waterbody and further severe ecosystem degradations may occur if appropriate management is not taken.
农业活动与水资源的减少密切相关，因为农业灌溉需要消耗淡水，还会使用化肥和农药。本研究对阿道夫·洛佩斯·马特奥斯（ALM）水库的水质进行了评估。该水库是墨西哥最重要的水库之一，因为储存的水主要用于最具生产力的农业区的作物灌溉。通过分析 2012 年至 2019 年四个采样点的 23 个参数的行为，对水质进行了综合评估。通过使用距离反比加权插值的空间分布图研究了水质参数的空间行为。为了更好地描述所有水质参数的行为，进行了皮尔逊相关性分析。该分析表明，其中许多参数具有显著相关性。进行了主成分分析（PCA），结果表明水质参数非常重要。得到了十个主成分，它们解释了数据总变化的近 90%。此外，综合污染指数表明 ALM 水库的水质略有变化。本研究还表明，该水库的主要污染源发生在采样点一附近。最后，研究结果表明，如果不采取适当的管理措施，水体可能会受到污染，进一步导致生态系统严重退化。
