Babaria Institute of Pharmacy, BITS Edu Campus, Vadodara, Gujarat, India and Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat. India.
L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Recent Pat Nanotechnol. 2022;16(4):271-282. doi: 10.2174/1872210515666210720141736.
Nanotechnology is the need of the hour! The design of nanotechnologyaided carriers as a tool for the delivery of low solubility molecules offers a potential platform to overcome the issues of current clinical treatment and achieve good targeted release and bioaccessibility.
Nanosponges (NS) encapsulate types of nanocarriers capable of carrying both lipophilic and hydrophilic substances. They are synthesized by mixing a solution of polyester, which is biodegradable, with cross-linkers. These tiny, porous structures are round-shaped, having multiple cavities wherein drugs can be housed to offer programmable release.
The detailed literature review and patent search summarize the ongoing research on NS. Substances such as poorly soluble drugs, nutraceuticals, gases, proteins and peptides, volatile oils, genetic material, etc., can be loaded on these novel carriers, which are characterized using various analytical techniques. Target-specific drug delivery and controlled drug release are the advantages offered by NS, along with a myriad of other promising applications.
This review stresses the development of cyclodextrin-based NS, the synthetic methods and characterization of NS, along with factors affecting NS formation, their applications and information on the patented work in this area. NS are solid in character and can be formulated in various dosage forms, such as parenteral, topical, oral or inhalation.
Therefore, owing to their promising benefits over other nanocarriers in terms of drug loading, adaptability, sustainability, solubility and tailored release profile, NS is an immediate technological revolution for drug entrapment and as novel drug carriers.The authors expect that these fundamental applications of NS could help the researchers to develop and gain insight about NS in novel drug delivery applications.
纳米技术是时代的需要！设计纳米技术辅助载体作为递送低溶解度分子的工具提供了一个潜在的平台，以克服当前临床治疗中的问题，并实现良好的靶向释放和生物利用度。
纳米海绵（NS）封装能够携带亲脂性和亲水性物质的各种纳米载体。它们是通过将可生物降解的聚酯溶液与交联剂混合合成的。这些微小的多孔结构呈圆形，具有多个腔室，其中可以容纳药物以提供可编程释放。
详细的文献综述和专利搜索总结了 NS 的正在进行的研究。可以将诸如难溶性药物、营养保健品、气体、蛋白质和肽、挥发油、遗传物质等物质加载到这些新型载体上，并用各种分析技术对其进行表征。NS 提供了靶向药物递送和控制药物释放的优势，以及无数其他有前途的应用。
本文强调了基于环糊精的 NS 的开发、NS 的合成方法和表征，以及影响 NS 形成的因素、它们的应用以及该领域专利工作的信息。NS 具有固体性质，可以配制成各种剂型，如注射剂、局部制剂、口服或吸入制剂。
因此，由于其在药物负载、适应性、可持续性、溶解度和定制释放特性方面优于其他纳米载体，NS 是药物包封和新型药物载体的即时技术革命。作者期望这些 NS 的基本应用可以帮助研究人员在新型药物递送应用中开发和深入了解 NS。
