Department of Orthopaedics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemical and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China.
Biomed Eng Online. 2021 Jul 24;20(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s12938-021-00907-2.
The bone regeneration of artificial bone grafts is still in need of a breakthrough to improve the processes of bone defect repair. Artificial bone grafts should be modified to enable angiogenesis and thus improve osteogenesis. We have previously revealed that crystalline CaLi(PO) (CLP) possesses higher compressive strength and better biocompatibility than that of pure beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). In this work, we explored the possibility of cobalt (Co), known for mimicking hypoxia, doped into CLP to promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis.
We designed and manufactured porous scaffolds by doping CLP with various concentrations of Co (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mol%) and using 3D printing techniques. The crystal phase, surface morphology, compressive strength, in vitro degradation, and mineralization properties of Co-doped and -undoped CLP scaffolds were investigated. Next, we investigated the biocompatibility and effects of Co-doped and -undoped samples on osteogenic and angiogenic properties in vitro and on bone regeneration in rat cranium defects.
With increasing Co-doping level, the compressive strength of Co-doped CLP scaffolds decreased in comparison with that of undoped CLP scaffolds, especially when the Co-doping concentration increased to 1 mol%. Co-doped CLP scaffolds possessed excellent degradation properties compared with those of undoped CLP scaffolds. The (0.1, 0.25, 0.5 mol%) Co-doped CLP scaffolds had mineralization properties similar to those of undoped CLP scaffolds, whereas the 1 mol% Co-doped CLP scaffolds shown no mineralization changes. Furthermore, compared with undoped scaffolds, Co-doped CLP scaffolds possessed excellent biocompatibility and prominent osteogenic and angiogenic properties in vitro, notably when the doping concentration was 0.25 mol%. After 8 weeks of implantation, 0.25 mol% Co-doped scaffolds had markedly enhanced bone regeneration at the defect site compared with that of the undoped scaffold.
In summary, CLP doped with 0.25 mol% Co ions is a prospective method to enhance osteogenic and angiogenic properties, thus promoting bone regeneration in bone defect repair.
人工骨移植物的骨再生仍需要突破，以改善骨缺损修复过程。人工骨移植物应进行改性以实现血管生成，从而改善成骨作用。我们之前已经表明，结晶 CaLi(PO) (CLP) 具有比纯β-磷酸三钙 (β-TCP) 更高的抗压强度和更好的生物相容性。在这项工作中，我们探索了已知模拟缺氧的钴 (Co) 掺杂到 CLP 中以促进成骨和血管生成的可能性。
我们通过掺杂不同浓度的 Co（0、0.1、0.25、0.5 和 1 mol%）设计并制造了多孔支架CLP 并使用 3D 打印技术。研究了 Co 掺杂和未掺杂 CLP 支架的晶体相、表面形貌、抗压强度、体外降解和矿化性能。接下来，我们研究了 Co 掺杂和未掺杂样品对体外成骨和血管生成特性以及大鼠颅骨缺损骨再生的生物相容性和影响。
随着 Co 掺杂水平的增加，与未掺杂 CLP 支架相比，Co 掺杂 CLP 支架的抗压强度降低，特别是当 Co 掺杂浓度增加到 1 mol%时。与未掺杂 CLP 支架相比，Co 掺杂 CLP 支架具有出色的降解性能。（0.1、0.25、0.5 mol%）Co 掺杂 CLP 支架具有与未掺杂 CLP 支架相似的矿化性能，而 1 mol%Co 掺杂 CLP 支架没有矿化变化。此外，与未掺杂支架相比，Co 掺杂 CLP 支架在体外具有出色的生物相容性和明显的成骨和血管生成特性，尤其是当掺杂浓度为 0.25 mol%时。植入 8 周后，与未掺杂支架相比，0.25 mol%Co 掺杂支架在缺陷部位具有明显增强的骨再生。
总之，掺杂 0.25 mol% Co 离子的 CLP 是一种增强成骨和血管生成特性的有前途的方法，从而促进骨缺损修复中的骨再生。
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