Tao Yujie, Nishio Ayre Wayne, Jiang Liming, Chen Siyu, Dong Yuqi, Wu Lin, Jiao Yilai, Liu Xiaohan
School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China.
School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2025 Apr 14;13:1522442. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1522442. eCollection 2025.
The development of new artificial biomaterials for bone defect repair is an ongoing area of clinical research. Metal ions such as zinc, copper, magnesium, calcium, strontium, silver, and cerium play various roles in bone tissue regeneration in the human body and possess a range of biochemical functions. Studies have demonstrated that appropriate concentrations of these metal ions can promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis, inhibit osteoclast activity, and deter bacterial infections. Researchers have incorporated metal ions into biomaterials using various methods to create artificial bone materials with enhanced osteogenic and antibacterial capabilities. In addition to the osteogenic properties of all the aforementioned metal ions, Zn, Sr, and Ce can indirectly promote osteogenesis by inhibiting osteoclast activity. Cu, Mg, and Sr significantly enhance angiogenesis, while the antibacterial properties of Zn, Cu, Ag, and Ce can reduce the likelihood of infection and inflammation caused by implanted materials. This paper reviews the mechanisms through which metal ions promote bone tissue growth and improve the antibacterial activity of biomaterials. It also summarizes common loading methods on the surface of biomaterials with different metals and highlights the potential clinical applications of these new artificial bone materials.
开发用于骨缺损修复的新型人工生物材料是一个正在进行的临床研究领域。锌、铜、镁、钙、锶、银和铈等金属离子在人体骨组织再生中发挥着各种作用，并具有一系列生化功能。研究表明，这些金属离子的适当浓度可以促进成骨和血管生成，抑制破骨细胞活性，并预防细菌感染。研究人员已使用各种方法将金属离子掺入生物材料中，以制造具有增强成骨和抗菌能力的人工骨材料。除了上述所有金属离子的成骨特性外，锌、锶和铈还可以通过抑制破骨细胞活性间接促进成骨。铜、镁和锶显著增强血管生成，而锌、铜、银和铈的抗菌特性可以降低植入材料引起感染和炎症的可能性。本文综述了金属离子促进骨组织生长并提高生物材料抗菌活性的机制。它还总结了不同金属在生物材料表面的常见负载方法，并强调了这些新型人工骨材料的潜在临床应用。
