Rutan Devin Q, Desmond Matthew
Princeton University.
Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci. 2021 Jan 1;693(1):64-81. doi: 10.1177/0002716221991458. Epub 2021 Apr 2.
Preventing eviction is a tractable, efficient way to reduce homelessness. Doing so requires understanding the precise geography of eviction. Drawing on over 660,000 eviction records across 17 cities, this study finds the geography of evictions to be durable across time. Rather than occurring when the status quo is disrupted, through gentrification or other modes of neighborhood change, eviction is itself the status quo in some pockets of American cities. Increasing the magnification, the study shows that a few buildings are responsible for an outsized share of cities' eviction rates. Focusing on three cities-Cleveland, Ohio, Fayetteville, North Carolina, and Tucson, Arizona-it finds that the 100 most-evicting parcels account for over one in six evictions in Cleveland and two in five evictions in Fayetteville and Tucson. Policymakers looking to prevent homelessness can use the diagnostic tools developed in this study to precisely target high-evicting neighborhoods and buildings.
防止驱逐是减少无家可归现象的一种可行且有效的方法。要做到这一点,需要了解驱逐的确切地理分布情况。本研究利用17个城市的66万多份驱逐记录,发现驱逐的地理分布情况在不同时期具有持续性。驱逐并非发生在现状被打乱之时,比如因城市中产阶级化或其他社区变化模式,在美国城市的某些区域,驱逐本身就是现状。放大范围来看,研究表明少数建筑导致了城市驱逐率过高。以俄亥俄州克利夫兰、北卡罗来纳州费耶特维尔和亚利桑那州图森这三个城市为例,研究发现,驱逐率最高的100处地块在克利夫兰的驱逐事件中占比超过六分之一,在费耶特维尔和图森的驱逐事件中占比达五分之二。希望防止无家可归现象的政策制定者可以使用本研究中开发的诊断工具,精准定位驱逐率高的社区和建筑。