Augustus Simon, Hudson Penny E, Harvey Nick, Smith Neal
Chichester Institute of Sport, University of Chichester, Chichester, West Sussex, UK.
PvF Football Academy, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Sports Biomech. 2024 Nov;23(11):1917-1932. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1951827. Epub 2021 Jul 27.
Knowledge of whole-body energy transfer strategies during football instep kicking can help inform empirically grounded training practices. The aim of this study was thus to investigate energy transfer strategies of 15 semi-professional players performing kicks for speed and accuracy. Three-dimensional kinematics and GRFs (both 1000 Hz) were incorporated into segment power analyses to derive energy transfers between the support leg, torso, pelvis and kick leg throughout the kick. Energy transferred from support leg (r = 0.62, P = 0.013) and torso (r = 0.54, P = 0.016) into the pelvis during tension arc formation and leg cocking was redistributed to the kick leg during the downswing (r = 0.76, P < 0.001) and were associated with faster foot velocities at ball contact. This highlights whole-body function during instep kicking. Of particular importance were: (a) regulating support leg energy absorption, (b) eccentric formation and concentric release of a 'tension arc' between the torso and kicking hip, and (c) coordinated proximal to distal sequencing of the kick leg. Resistance exercises that replicate the demands of these interactions may help develop more powerful kicking motions and varying task and/or environmental constraints might facilitate development of adaptable energy transfer strategies.
了解足球脚背踢球时的全身能量转移策略有助于为基于实证的训练实践提供参考。因此，本研究的目的是调查15名半职业球员为追求速度和准确性而进行踢球时的能量转移策略。将三维运动学和地面反作用力（均为1000赫兹）纳入环节功率分析，以得出整个踢球过程中支撑腿、躯干、骨盆和踢球腿之间的能量转移。在张力弧形成和腿部后摆期间，从支撑腿（r = 0.62，P = 0.013）和躯干（r = 0.54，P = 0.016）转移到骨盆的能量在下摆期间重新分配到踢球腿（r = 0.76，P < 0.001），并且与触球时更快的足部速度相关。这突出了脚背踢球时的全身功能。特别重要的是：（a）调节支撑腿的能量吸收，（b）躯干与踢球髋部之间“张力弧”的离心形成和向心释放，以及（c）踢球腿从近端到远端的协调顺序。模拟这些相互作用需求的阻力训练可能有助于发展更有力的踢球动作，改变任务和/或环境限制可能有助于发展适应性的能量转移策略。
