Department of Food Safety, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy.
Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy.
Eur J Epidemiol. 2021 Jul;36(7):685-707. doi: 10.1007/s10654-021-00784-y. Epub 2021 Jul 27.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease affecting many people and able to be transmitted through direct and perhaps indirect contact. Direct contact transmission, mediated by aerosols or droplets, is widely demonstrated, whereas indirect transmission is only supported by collateral evidence such as virus persistence on inanimate surfaces and data from other similar viruses. The present systematic review aims to estimate SARS-CoV-2 prevalence on inanimate surfaces, identifying risk levels according to surface characteristics. Data were obtained from studies in published papers collected from two databases (PubMed and Embase) with the last search on 1 September 2020. Included studies had to be papers in English, had to deal with coronavirus and had to consider inanimate surfaces in real settings. Studies were coded according to our assessment of the risk that the investigated surfaces could be contaminated by SARS-CoV-2. A meta-analysis and a metaregression were carried out to quantify virus RNA prevalence and to identify important factors driving differences among studies. Thirty-nine out of forty retrieved paper reported studies carried out in healthcare settings on the prevalence of virus RNA, five studies carry out also analyses through cell culture and six tested the viability of isolated viruses. Overall prevalences of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on high-, medium- and low-risk surfaces were 0.22 (CI [0.152-0.296]), 0.04 (CI [0.007-0.090]), and 0.00 (CI [0.00-0.019]), respectively. The duration surfaces were exposed to virus sources (patients) was the main factor explaining differences in prevalence.
冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是一种影响许多人的呼吸道疾病，能够通过直接和间接接触传播。直接接触传播，通过气溶胶或飞沫介导，已得到广泛证实，而间接传播仅得到无生命表面上病毒持续存在和其他类似病毒的数据等间接证据的支持。本系统评价旨在估计 SARS-CoV-2 在无生命表面上的流行情况，根据表面特征确定风险水平。数据来自从两个数据库（PubMed 和 Embase）中收集的已发表论文中的研究，最后一次搜索时间为 2020 年 9 月 1 日。纳入的研究必须是英文论文，必须涉及冠状病毒，并必须考虑实际环境中的无生命表面。根据我们对调查表面可能被 SARS-CoV-2 污染的风险评估，对研究进行编码。进行了荟萃分析和元回归，以量化病毒 RNA 的流行率，并确定驱动研究之间差异的重要因素。从检索到的 40 篇论文中，有 39 篇报道了在医疗保健环境中进行的病毒 RNA 流行率研究，5 项研究通过细胞培养进行了分析，6 项研究测试了分离病毒的存活能力。高、中、低风险表面上 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 的总体流行率分别为 0.22（CI [0.152-0.296]）、0.04（CI [0.007-0.090]）和 0.00（CI [0.00-0.019]）。表面暴露于病毒源（患者）的时间是解释流行率差异的主要因素。
