人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗接种对男男性行为者和跨性别女性中阴茎 HPV 感染的有效性。
Effectiveness of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination Against Penile HPV Infection in Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
出版信息
J Infect Dis. 2022 Feb 1;225(3):422-430. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab390.
BACKGROUND
In the United States, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has been recommended since 2011 for boys aged 11-12 years, with catch-up vaccination recommended through age 26 years for previously unvaccinated men who have sex with men (MSM).
METHODS
During 2016-2018, a cross-sectional study enrolled MSM and transgender women aged 18-26 years in Seattle, Washington. Participants submitted self-collected penile swab specimens for HPV genotyping. HPV vaccination history was self-reported. We compared HPV prevalence among vaccinated participants with that in participants with no or unknown vaccination history, using log-binomial regression to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios and confidence intervals.
RESULTS
Among 687 participants, 348 (50.7%) self-reported ever receiving ≥1 HPV vaccine dose; the median age at first HPV vaccination was 21 years, and the median age at first sex, 17 years. Overall, the prevalence of penile quadrivalent HPV vaccine (4vHPV)-type HPV was similar in vaccinated participants (12.1%) and participants with no or unknown vaccination (15.6%) (adjusted prevalence ratio, 0.69 [95% confidence interval, .47-1.01]). However, the prevalence was significantly lower in participants vaccinated at age ≤18 years than in those with no of unknown vaccination (0.15 [.04-.62]), corresponding to a vaccine effectiveness of 85% against 4vHPV-type HPV.
CONCLUSIONS
Results suggest that HPV vaccination is effective in preventing penile HPV infections in young MSM when administered at age ≤18 years.
背景
在美国，自 2011 年以来，已建议为 11-12 岁的男孩接种人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗，并建议对以前未接种过疫苗且有同性性行为的男性（MSM），补种疫苗至 26 岁。
方法
在 2016-2018 年期间，一项横断面研究招募了西雅图的 18-26 岁 MSM 和跨性别女性。参与者提交了自我采集的阴茎拭子样本进行 HPV 基因分型。HPV 疫苗接种史为自我报告。我们使用对数二项式回归来估计调整后的患病率比和置信区间，比较了接种参与者和无疫苗接种史或未知疫苗接种史参与者的 HPV 患病率。
结果
在 687 名参与者中，有 348 名（50.7%）报告曾接种过至少 1 剂 HPV 疫苗；首次 HPV 疫苗接种的中位年龄为 21 岁，首次性行为的中位年龄为 17 岁。总体而言，接种组和无疫苗接种史或未知疫苗接种史组的阴茎四价 HPV 疫苗（4vHPV）型 HPV 患病率相似（接种组 12.1%，无或未知接种组 15.6%）（调整后的患病率比，0.69 [95%置信区间，0.47-1.01]）。然而，≤18 岁接种组的 HPV 患病率明显低于无或未知接种组（0.15 [0.04-0.62]），对应的疫苗有效性为 85%，可预防 4vHPV 型 HPV。
结论
结果表明，≤18 岁时接种 HPV 疫苗可有效预防年轻 MSM 的阴茎 HPV 感染。
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