Department of Operation Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, GD 20, Guangdong Province, China.
Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
Global Health. 2021 Jul 28;17(1):86. doi: 10.1186/s12992-021-00736-x.
Suboptimal health status (SHS), an intermediate state between chronic disease and health, is characterized by chronic fatigue, non-specific pain, headaches, dizziness, anxiety, depression, and functional system disorders with a high prevalence worldwide. Although some lifestyle factors (e.g. smoking, alcohol consumption, physical exercise) and environmental factors (e.g. air quality, noise, living conditions) have already been studied, few studies can comprehensively illustrate the associations of lifestyle and environment factors with general, physical, mental, and social SHS.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 6750 urban residents aged 14 years or over in five random cities from September 2017 to September 2018 through face-to-face questionnaires. There were 5881 valid questionnaires with a response rate of 87%. A general linear model and structural equation model were developed to quantify the effects of lifestyle behaviors and environment factors on SHS.
The detection rates of general, physical, mental, and social SHS were 66.7, 67.0, 65.5, and 70.0%, respectively. Good lifestyle behaviors and favorable environment factors positively affected SHS (P < 0.001). Lifestyle behaviors had the largest effect on physical SHS (β = - 0.418), but the least on social SHS (β = - 0.274). Environment factors had the largest effect on mental SHS (β = 0.286), but the least on physical SHS (β = 0.225).
Lifestyle behaviors and environment factors were important influencing factors of SHS. Physical SHS was more associated with lifestyle. Lifestyle and environment were similarly associated with mental and social SHS.
健康状况欠佳（SHS）是一种介于慢性病和健康之间的中间状态，其特点是慢性疲劳、非特异性疼痛、头痛、头晕、焦虑、抑郁和功能系统障碍，在全球范围内患病率很高。尽管一些生活方式因素（如吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼）和环境因素（如空气质量、噪声、生活条件）已经过研究，但很少有研究能够全面说明生活方式和环境因素与一般、身体、心理和社会 SHS 的关联。
本研究于 2017 年 9 月至 2018 年 9 月在五个随机城市开展了一项横断面研究，纳入了 6750 名 14 岁及以上的城市居民，通过面对面问卷调查的方式收集数据。共回收了 5881 份有效问卷，应答率为 87%。采用一般线性模型和结构方程模型来量化生活方式行为和环境因素对 SHS 的影响。
一般、身体、心理和社会 SHS 的检出率分别为 66.7%、67.0%、65.5%和 70.0%。良好的生活方式行为和有利的环境因素对 SHS 有积极影响（P<0.001）。生活方式行为对身体 SHS 的影响最大（β=-0.418），但对社会 SHS 的影响最小（β=-0.274）。环境因素对心理 SHS 的影响最大（β=0.286），但对身体 SHS 的影响最小（β=0.225）。
生活方式行为和环境因素是 SHS 的重要影响因素。身体 SHS 与生活方式的关系更为密切。生活方式和环境与心理和社会 SHS 的关系相似。
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