Chen Jieyu, Cheng Jingru, Liu Yanyan, Tang Yang, Sun Xiaomin, Wang Tian, Xiao Ya, Li Fei, Xiang Lei, Jiang Pingping, Wu Shengwei, Wu Liuguo, Luo Ren, Zhao Xiaoshan
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
J Transl Med. 2014 Dec 11;12:348. doi: 10.1186/s12967-014-0348-1.
Suboptimal health status (SHS) is the intermediate health state between health and disease, refers to medically undiagnosed or functional somatic syndromes, and has been a major global public health challenge. However, both the etiology and mechanisms associated with SHS are still unclear. Breakfast eating behavior is a dietary pattern marker and previous studies have presented evidence of associations between failure to consume breakfast and increased diseases. Accordingly, in view of the significance of breakfast eating behaviors with respect to health status, the associations between breakfast eating habits and healthy lifestyle, SHS require further elucidation.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted within a clustered sample of 24,159 individuals aged 12-80 years in 2012-13 within the population of Southern China. Breakfast eating habits were categorically defined by consumption frequency ('scarcely, sometimes or always'). Health-promoting lifestyle was assessed via the health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP-II). SHS was evaluated using the medical examination report and Sub-health Measurement Scale V1.0 (SHMS V1.0).
Of the 24,159 participants, the prevalence rates for the 'health' , 'SHS' , and 'disease' were 18.8%, 46.0%, and 35.2%, respectively. Overall, 19.6% of participants reported 'scarce' breakfast eating habits, with frequent breakfast eaters scoring higher on both HPLP-II and SHMS V1.0. After demographic adjustment, regression analyses revealed a significant association between breakfast eating habits and healthy lifestyle (p <0.001). There were lower levels of breakfast consumption regularity amongst individuals with SHS than those with disease. Categorically 'scarce' breakfast eaters were approximately three times more likely to be assigned SHS (OR: 2.745, 95% CI: 2.468-3.053), while infrequent breakfast eaters ('sometimes') were just less than twice as likely to be assessed as being of SHS (OR: 1.731, 95% CI: 1.595-1.879).
Breakfast eating habits are significantly associated with a healthy lifestyle, and appear to be a useful predictor of a healthy lifestyle. Irregular breakfast eating habits are related to an increased risk of SHS; increased breakfast eating frequency may contribute to lowering the prevalence of SHS in Southern China.
健康状况欠佳（SHS）是健康与疾病之间的中间健康状态，指医学上未确诊的或功能性躯体综合征，一直是全球主要的公共卫生挑战。然而，与SHS相关的病因和机制仍不清楚。早餐进食行为是一种饮食模式标志，先前的研究已提供了不吃早餐与疾病增加之间存在关联的证据。因此，鉴于早餐进食行为对健康状况的重要性，早餐饮食习惯与健康生活方式、SHS之间的关联需要进一步阐明。
2012 - 2013年在中国南方人群中对24159名年龄在12 - 80岁的个体进行了整群抽样横断面调查。早餐饮食习惯按食用频率（“几乎不吃、有时吃或总是吃”）进行分类定义。通过健康促进生活方式量表（HPLP-II）评估健康促进生活方式。使用体检报告和亚健康测评量表V1.0（SHMS V1.0）评估SHS。
在24159名参与者中，“健康”“SHS”和“疾病”的患病率分别为18.8%、46.0%和35.2%。总体而言，19.6%的参与者报告有“很少”吃早餐的习惯，经常吃早餐的人在HPLP-II和SHMS V1.0上得分更高。经过人口统计学调整后，回归分析显示早餐饮食习惯与健康生活方式之间存在显著关联（p <0.001）。SHS个体的早餐消费规律性低于患病个体。明确为“很少”吃早餐的人被判定为SHS的可能性大约是其他人的三倍（比值比：2.745，95%置信区间：2.468 - 3.053），而不经常吃早餐的人（“有时吃”）被评估为SHS的可能性不到其他人的两倍（比值比：1.731，95%置信区间：1.595 - 1.879）。
早餐饮食习惯与健康生活方式显著相关，似乎是健康生活方式的一个有用预测指标。不规律的早餐饮食习惯与SHS风险增加有关；增加早餐食用频率可能有助于降低中国南方SHS的患病率。
