van Luijtelaar E L, van der Grinten C P, Blokhuis H J, Coenen A M
Department of Psychology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Physiol Behav. 1987;41(5):409-14. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(87)90074-6.
Electrophysiological recordings were made of five closely observed hens, all permanently implanted with both EEG and EMG electrodes. Five behavioural postures were distinguished and percentages of wakefulness, sleep and presumably paradoxical sleep (PS) were determined during the third and sixth hour of the dark period. Substantial agreement was generally found between behaviour and sleep with the exception of sitting or standing motionless with at least one eye open. During two thirds of this behavioural posture, the EEG showed large amplitude slow waves undistinguishable from slow wave sleep. Characteristics of PS were determined: periods were short, whereas its percentage increased during the night. Furthermore, EMG atonia was never found. An all night recording was made, and delta activity (2-5 Hz) was filtered and plotted against time for three of the hens. A significant decrease in delta activity across the night was found. Differences and similarities between sleep in hens and in mammals are discussed. Although large similarities exist it is concluded that some properties of birds' sleep make it unique and are a challenge for further study.
对五只密切观察的母鸡进行了电生理记录，所有母鸡均永久植入了脑电图（EEG）和肌电图（EMG）电极。区分了五种行为姿势，并在黑暗期的第三个小时和第六个小时确定了清醒、睡眠以及推测的快速眼动睡眠（PS）的百分比。行为和睡眠之间总体上有很大的一致性，但至少有一只眼睛睁开时静止坐着或站着的情况除外。在这种行为姿势下三分之二的时间里，脑电图显示出与慢波睡眠无法区分的大幅度慢波。确定了快速眼动睡眠的特征：周期很短，而其百分比在夜间增加。此外，从未发现肌电图无张力现象。对其中三只母鸡进行了整夜记录，并对δ活动（2 - 5赫兹）进行滤波，并将其随时间绘制图表。发现夜间δ活动显著减少。讨论了母鸡和哺乳动物睡眠之间的异同点。虽然存在很大的相似性，但得出的结论是鸟类睡眠的一些特性使其独一无二，并对进一步研究构成挑战。
