Yan Taotao, Xue Jianhui, Zhou Zhidong, Wu Yongbo
College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Dec;28(46):66420-66434. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-15499-6. Epub 2021 Jul 31.
The application of biochar-based fertilizer can improve soil properties in part by stimulating microbial activity and growth. Karst ecosystems, which make up large areas of Southwest China, are prone to degradation. Understanding the response of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) community structure to biochar-based fertilizer application is of great significance to karst soil restoration. A field experiment was conducted in a typical karst soil (calcareous sandy loam) in Southwest China. A high-throughput sequencing approach was used to investigate the effect of biochar-based fertilization on AMF community structure in the karst soil. With the control (CK), compost with NPK fertilizer (MF), biochar (B), a lower amount of biochar with compost and NPK fertilizer (B1MF), biochar with compost and NPK fertilizer (BMF), and a higher amount of biochar with compost and NPK fertilizer (B4MF), the field trials were set up for 24 months. Soil amendments increased soil nutrient content and AMF diversity. The composition and structure of the AMF community varied among the treatments. AMF community composition was significantly impacted by soil chemical properties such as TC (total carbon), TN (total nitrogen), TP (total phosphorus), and AP (available phosphorus). Furthermore, network analysis showed that biochar-based fertilization increased the scale and complexity of the microbial co-occurrence network. Biochar-based fertilization enabled more keystone species (such as order Diversisporales and Glomerales) in the soil AMF network to participate in soil carbon resource management and soil nutrient cycling, indicating that biochar-based fertilizer is beneficial for the restoration of degraded karst soils.
基于生物炭的肥料的应用可以通过刺激微生物活性和生长来部分改善土壤性质。喀斯特生态系统覆盖了中国西南部的大片地区，容易退化。了解丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）群落结构对基于生物炭的肥料施用的响应，对喀斯特土壤恢复具有重要意义。在中国西南部典型的喀斯特土壤（钙质砂壤土）上进行了田间试验。采用高通量测序方法研究基于生物炭的施肥对喀斯特土壤中AMF群落结构的影响。设置了对照（CK）、氮磷钾复合肥堆肥（MF）、生物炭（B）、低量生物炭与氮磷钾复合肥堆肥（B1MF）、生物炭与氮磷钾复合肥堆肥（BMF）以及高量生物炭与氮磷钾复合肥堆肥（B4MF），田间试验持续了24个月。土壤改良剂增加了土壤养分含量和AMF多样性。各处理间AMF群落的组成和结构有所不同。AMF群落组成受到土壤化学性质如总碳（TC）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和有效磷（AP）的显著影响。此外，网络分析表明基于生物炭的施肥增加了微生物共现网络的规模和复杂性。基于生物炭的施肥使土壤AMF网络中的更多关键物种（如多孢目和球囊霉目）参与土壤碳资源管理和土壤养分循环，表明基于生物炭的肥料有利于退化喀斯特土壤的恢复。
