Department of Pediatric Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Turk J Med Sci. 2021 Oct 21;51(5):2233-2242. doi: 10.3906/sag-2104-329.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) affected the whole world in a short time. One of the most influential public health initiatives modern medicine has to offer, the vaccine has become even more important as the COVID-19 pandemic continues to worsen worldwide. Many vaccine trials were launched during the COVID-19 pandemic, and these vaccines were widely used around the world, offering realistic hope for ending the pandemic. Allergic reactions to vaccines were reported shortly after their approval. These reactions, in general, are rare, but, in some circumstances, they can be serious. Allergy to vaccines can occur because of either the active vaccine component or vaccine ingredients. The spectrum of the reactions may be just a local hypersensitiviy reaction or may be as severe as an anaphylaxis, which is an acute severe, life-threatening systemic hypersensitive reaction, and it requires quick intervention. If an allergy is suspected, a correct examination followed by algorithms is important for true diagnosis, treatment, and decision regarding revaccination. Patients who experience an allergic reaction with the first dose of covid 19 vaccine should be directed to the allergy-immunologist, and the evaluation of at-risk patients should be individualized. Finally, we should point out that the benefits of current COVID-19 vaccines go far beyond the side effects, and that the vaccine is the most important way to recover from the pandemic.
新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）在短时间内影响了全世界。疫苗是现代医学提供的最具影响力的公共卫生措施之一，随着 COVID-19 大流行在全球范围内的持续恶化，它变得更加重要。在 COVID-19 大流行期间，启动了许多疫苗试验，这些疫苗在全球范围内广泛使用，为结束大流行带来了现实的希望。疫苗批准后不久就报告了过敏反应。这些反应通常很少见，但在某些情况下可能很严重。疫苗过敏可能是由于疫苗的活性成分或疫苗成分引起的。反应的范围可能只是局部过敏反应，也可能像过敏反应那样严重，过敏反应是一种急性严重的、危及生命的全身性过敏反应，需要迅速干预。如果怀疑过敏，正确的检查和后续的算法对于真正的诊断、治疗和关于再接种的决定很重要。首次接种 COVID-19 疫苗后出现过敏反应的患者应转至过敏免疫科就诊，应根据个体情况评估高危患者。最后，我们应该指出，目前 COVID-19 疫苗的益处远远超过其副作用，疫苗是从大流行中恢复的最重要手段。
