Zhang Xiyan, Yang Wenyi, Yang Jie, Du Wei, Xiang Yao, Wang Xin, Huang Chao, Wang Yan, Zhang Fengyun
Department of Child and Adolescent Health Promotion, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China.
School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
J Ophthalmol. 2021 Jul 14;2021:6754013. doi: 10.1155/2021/6754013. eCollection 2021.
This study aims to increase our understanding of the relationship between family and myopia in Chinese children.
Students had a physical examination and were required to provide the necessary demographic information. Children and their guardians from different family types were required to fill in a questionnaire concerning myopia factors.
In this study, the prevalence of myopia in enrolled students aged 6-17 is 55.5%. The proportion of the nuclear family, extended family, single-parent family, and left-behind family is 40.6%, 43.7%, 11.1%, and 4.6%, respectively. Myopia rates from different family types by the order (nuclear family, extended family, single-parent family, and left-behind family) are 60.0%, 52.0%, 54.7%, and 50.9% taking on a decreasing trend, which shows an opposite trend comparing with elevated blood pressure, dental caries, and obesity. The interaction effect of the family type and region, physical examination, lifestyle (including diet habits, near work, outdoor activities, and sleep), and types of lamps and whether scolded by parents can have a significant impact on myopia. For primary school students (grade: 1-5), the prevalence of myopia in the nuclear family was a bit higher than that of myopia in the left-behind family, but for children in junior and senior high schools, both prevalences stayed similar.
In this study, education pressure and time outdoors are still at play, and this kind of effect shows different phenomena in different families. Therefore, previous interventions would still work, and then the most critical challenge would be to ensure that left-behind children completed more schooling.
本研究旨在加深我们对中国儿童家庭与近视之间关系的理解。
学生们接受了体检，并被要求提供必要的人口统计学信息。来自不同家庭类型的儿童及其监护人被要求填写一份关于近视因素的问卷。
在本研究中，6至17岁在校学生的近视患病率为55.5%。核心家庭、大家庭、单亲家庭和留守儿童家庭的比例分别为40.6%、43.7%、11.1%和4.6%。不同家庭类型的近视率按顺序（核心家庭、大家庭、单亲家庭和留守儿童家庭）分别为60.0%、52.0%、54.7%和50.9%，呈下降趋势，这与血压升高、龋齿和肥胖的上升趋势相反。家庭类型与地区、体检、生活方式（包括饮食习惯、近距离工作、户外活动和睡眠）、灯具类型以及是否被父母责骂之间的交互作用对近视有显著影响。对于小学生（1至5年级），核心家庭的近视患病率略高于留守儿童家庭，但对于初中生和高中生，两者的患病率相似。
在本研究中，教育压力和户外活动时间仍然起作用，而且这种影响在不同家庭中表现出不同的现象。因此，以前的干预措施仍然有效，那么最关键的挑战将是确保留守儿童完成更多学业。
