Hasin Deborah S, Aharonovich Efrat
Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA.
New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Curr Behav Neurosci Rep. 2020 Dec;7(4):258-266. doi: 10.1007/s40473-020-00222-5. Epub 2020 Oct 20.
Review of US medical and recreational marijuana laws (MML and RML), their effects on cannabis potency, prevalence of non-medical cannabis use and cannabis use disorder (CUD) in adolescents and adults, and implications for neuroscience research, given what is known about the relationship of cannabis to neurocognitive impairments and underlying brain functioning.
Cannabis potency may be increasing faster in states with MML or RML than in other states. MML and RML have not impacted prevalence in adolescents but have consistently been shown to increase rates of adult non-medical use and CUD.
Recent neurocognitive or neuroimaging studies may be more impacted by cannabis than studies conducted when MML and RML were less common. Neurocognitive or neuroimaging studies conducted in MML or RML states should carefully test potential participants for recent cannabis use. More research is needed on cannabis and cognition in medical marijuana patients.
回顾美国医用和娱乐用大麻法律（医用大麻法律和娱乐用大麻法律），它们对大麻效力、青少年和成年人非医用大麻使用及大麻使用障碍（CUD）流行率的影响，以及鉴于已知大麻与神经认知障碍及潜在脑功能之间的关系，对神经科学研究的影响。
在有医用大麻法律或娱乐用大麻法律的州，大麻效力的增长速度可能比其他州更快。医用大麻法律和娱乐用大麻法律并未影响青少年中的流行率，但一直显示会增加成年人非医用使用和大麻使用障碍的发生率。
与医用大麻法律和娱乐用大麻法律不太常见时进行的研究相比，近期的神经认知或神经影像学研究可能受大麻影响更大。在有医用大麻法律或娱乐用大麻法律的州进行的神经认知或神经影像学研究应仔细检测潜在参与者近期是否使用过大麻。对于医用大麻患者中大麻与认知的关系，还需要更多研究。
