Subhadra Subhra, Sabat Jyotsnamayee, Dwibedi Bhagirathi, Panda Sailendra, Mandal Madhab Charan, Rath Sonalika, Ho Lal Mohan, Palo Subrata Kumar, Pati Sanghamitra, Turuk Jyotirmayee
Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR - Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India.
Department of Pediatrics, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India.
Virusdisease. 2021 Sep;32(3):504-510. doi: 10.1007/s13337-021-00730-2. Epub 2021 Jul 26.
Newly emerging or re-emerging infections are posing continuous threat to both public health system and clinical care globally. The emergence of infections especially caused by arboviruses can be linked to several mechanisms which include geographical expansion linked to human development and transportation, global warming, enhanced transmission in peridomestic area and close proximity of human habitations to domestic as well as wild animals. The co-circulation of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika is a matter of public health priority due to the fact that they are transmitted by the same vector as well as increase in the number of reported cases of severe dengue, post-chikungunya chronic joint disease and microcephaly related to Zika virus disease. The study was designed to estimate the prevalence of these arboviral infections in Odisha. About 5198 cases presenting with common clinical symptoms of fever, arthralgia, headache, myalgia and malaise were screened during 2016-2019. A total of 42.2% patients tested positive for dengue NS1 antigen (n = 4154), 30.2% for dengue IgM (n = 2161) and 14.3% for chikungunya IgM (n = 1816). A total of 1684 samples were subjected to Zika RT-PCR and none was tested positive. Peak in the numbers of dengue/ chikungunya cases was evident in the post-monsoon months of July - October. Circulation of all four serotypes of dengue i.e. DEN 1, 2, 3, and 4 was noticed in the state. Molecular investigation of suspected Chik cases in early phases showed circulation of Eastern Central Southern African genotype (E1:226A). There is dearth of knowledge about disease severity during arbovirus co-infections and importance of adequate management of patients at an early stage residing in risk areas. It is the first study in Odisha to study the pattern and status of these three arboviral diseases Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika. The outcome of this study will help in focusing and improvement of existing surveillance systems and vector control tools, as well as on the development of suitable antiviral agents and formulating candidate vaccine.
新出现或再次出现的感染对全球公共卫生系统和临床护理构成持续威胁。感染的出现，尤其是由虫媒病毒引起的感染，可能与多种机制有关，包括与人类发展和交通相关的地理扩张、全球变暖、家庭周边地区传播增强以及人类居住地与家养和野生动物的近距离接触。登革热、基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒的共同传播是公共卫生优先事项，因为它们由相同媒介传播，且严重登革热、基孔肯雅热后慢性关节疾病以及与寨卡病毒病相关的小头畸形的报告病例数有所增加。本研究旨在估计奥里萨邦这些虫媒病毒感染的流行情况。在2016 - 2019年期间，对约5198例出现发热、关节痛、头痛、肌痛和不适等常见临床症状的病例进行了筛查。共有42.2%的患者登革热NS1抗原检测呈阳性（n = 4154），30.2%的患者登革热IgM检测呈阳性（n = 2161），14.3%的患者基孔肯雅热IgM检测呈阳性（n = 1816）。共1684份样本进行了寨卡病毒RT - PCR检测，无一例呈阳性。登革热/基孔肯雅热病例数在7 - 10月的季风后月份达到峰值。该邦发现了登革热所有四种血清型即DEN 1、2、3和4的传播。对早期疑似基孔肯雅热病例的分子调查显示了东中非南非基因型（E1:226A）的传播。关于虫媒病毒合并感染期间疾病严重程度以及对居住在风险地区的患者进行早期充分管理的重要性，目前缺乏相关知识。这是奥里萨邦第一项研究登革热、基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒这三种虫媒病毒疾病的模式和现状的研究。本研究结果将有助于聚焦和改进现有的监测系统和病媒控制工具，以及开发合适的抗病毒药物和制定候选疫苗。
